Leadership Styles And Management Of Hillary Clinton And...

The dynamics of leadership’s styles has changed throughout the century because the dynamics of leaders have changed. Many researchers have conceptualized the term leadership to make it simpler to understand, however it can be quite complicated because there are some many levels and components that make up a great leader in theory. There are no equations to explain how to become the perfect leader or how to obtain the perfect leadership style. There are strategies one can use to develop as a leader and certain behaviors that can allow an individual to identify with a particular style of leadership. In fact when dealing with followers of any sort, this allows the public to get a glimpse and know when the individual in authority changes. It would give the public a better understanding of what to expect and what to desire in future leaders. With this in mind, the purpose of this analysis is to evaluate and summarize the leadership styles and management of Hillary Clinton and Donal d Trump. Since they both hold influence and they both developed a campaign to become the greatest leader of the United States of America this analysis will explore the different styles they possess to get a better idea of their leadership behaviors. Keywords: Leadership, Leadership Style, Hillary Clinton, Donald Trump, 2016 Election Introduction Since the late 1700’s the United States of America has experience a multitude of leaders under a federal republic government. The system ofShow MoreRelatedLeadership Style And Management Of Hillary Clinton And Donald Trump Essay2116 Words   |  9 PagesThe dynamics of leadership’s styles have changed throughout the century because the dynamics of leaders have changed. Many researchers have conceptualized the term leadership to make it simpler to understand, however it can be quite complicated because there are some many levels and components that make up a great leader in theory. There are no equations to explain how to become the perfect leader or how to obtain the perfect leadership style. There are strategies one can use to develop as a leaderRead MoreThe Leadership Styles Of Leadership1533 Words   |  7 Pages Leadership is a concept most people feel informed enough to discuss, but that few are truly educated sufficiently to comment on. Therefore, it is instruct ive to consider the leadership styles of people with very different approaches both to better understand the diversity underlying leadership, as well as to appreciate the effective and less effective strategies that underlie different leadership outcomes. For that reason, this essay will consider the styles of two leaders who are less visible inRead MoreLeadership Style Of Leadership Styles Essay1433 Words   |  6 Pagesprobably feel as if they know enough about leadership to speak on the subject. In many cases, however, this is not truly the case at all. Leadership is a broad concept, and there are several different styles and approaches to consider when studying the topic. It is important to consider these styles and approaches when evaluating the effectiveness, or lack thereof, of any particular form of leadership. With that in mind, this essay will consider the leadership styles of two leaders who are involved in theRead MoreThe New York Times Of India, And The Guardian The Un ited Kingdom Edition1299 Words   |  6 PagesTimes of India, and The Guardian the United Kingdom edition. The article that I chose to compare between the three of them is about President Trump choosing his security advisors. I thought that it would be something that would spark many different opinions on a recent debate would be interesting to explore. The article itself is about President Trump choosing three of his new advisors for CIA Director which he appointed Mike Pompeo, for Attorney General, Jeff Sessions, and for National SecurityRead MoreLeadership : Leadership Behavior And Politics1370 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership Behaviors Politics Winning organizations today, attribute much of their success to having great people, great processes, and great leaders who inspire and motivate employees to follow them. Great leaders understand that they have influence and power over individuals, and what they do with this power defines them for years to come. We can all think of leaders of whom we respect and model our current behaviors after, and transversely, we can all think of leaders whose behaviors weRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCover Designer: Wanda Espana OB Poll Graphics: Electra Graphics Cover Art: honey comb and a bee working / Shutterstock / LilKar Sr. Media Project Manager, Editorial: Denise Vaughn Media Project Manager, Production: Lisa Rinaldi Full-Service Project Management: Christian Holdener, S4Carlisle Publishing Services Composition: S4Carlisle Publishing Services Printer/Binder: Courier/K endallville Cover Printer: Courier/Kendalville Text Font: 10.5/12 ITC New Baskerville Std Credits and acknowledgments borrowed

The Causes and Consequences of Divorce Essay - 805 Words

The Causes and Consequences of Divorce Aims In this coursework I wish to deeply look into what are the reasons for marriage break-ups which consequently lead to divorce and even more consequently one-parent families. I also want to ask the question about the dependant children in nuclear families. Also another main important area to investigate is which age couples are more likely to have a marriage break-up, and further more I will look at the development of divorce over the past decades. Another point in which I will be looking at is the changes in attitude towards divorce. Another area to investigate is whether religion has an influence in the break-up of marriages. If there was more†¦show more content†¦She also has to consider many factors such as whether she can prove whether her husband has committed adultery, deserted or neglected her. Also there are legal costs which she has to consider, can she afford them? Plus if she does get divorced will she be able to support herself? What if she has no qualifications, no job experience? And if she did have these, adequately paid jobs for women in the 1950s were scarce. But in modern times only a few of these factors would have to be considered. Many females would have started work within marriage, as there are more equal laws for women nowadays. Also if women have no previous work experience, it wouldn’t matter as many employers tend to go on first appearances. So with the work comes the money. If a woman wanted to get divorced nowadays, she wouldn’t have to worry about the legal costs. At the end of it all, in some cases, it has been known that the woman has ended up with half of what her other half owns. Plus nowadays employers will employ women without a second look. Ø Different forms of marriage- In Britain today, marriage is based on monogamy, which means it is possible to be married to only one person at a time. Monogamy is the accepted form of marriage in Britain and is backed by the law. Bigamy {marrying someone when already married to another person} is a criminalShow MoreRelatedThe Divorce And Its Effects On The Family And Women s Rights937 Words   |  4 Pagesprescribed by law, divorce is the termination of that relationship. Family capital cell of society, the marriage was not a personal matter but also social problems. As the divorce rate so high and growing, the divorce is no longer a story of two people who become social phenomena Divorced can because of numerous reasons, each couple decides to divorce also comes from many different causes. But can easily identify some basic reasons. First of all, have to mention the causes of family violenceRead More The Causes And Effects Of Divorce Essay1245 Words   |  5 Pagesforever. This situation leads to the phenomenon called divorce, which unfortunately is becoming more common than ever before, and it is drastically bringing new effects in the lives of those individuals involved. Some causes for divorce vary from couple to couple, but the most frequent ones tend to be, change of women’s role in society, lack of communication, and lack of trust in the relationship. One significant cause that leads to divorce is the change in women’s roles. In the past, women dependedRead MoreMarriage Problems758 Words   |  4 PagesDivorce can be the result of one or many factors. Looking around we would find that there are some common factors that lead to divorce. One of the major reasons of divorce is financial hardship. Couples that get married without planning for future or without taking into consideration the practicability often land up facing financial crisis. On the other hand if both husband and wife have full time jobs then they would have very little time for bounding with each other, or children and it is thereforeRead MoreFamily Systems Theory And The Family System Theory1389 Words   |  6 PagesMany children in the world go through something that no child should ever have to, divorce. Some people believe that divorce is mainly about the man and woman involved but that is not the case. If the two individuals have children, they go thr ough just as much, if not more, pain and heartache as they do. After the divorce, many children are under custody of one of their parents, therefore they stay with that parent most of the time. They get to see their other parent but not as often as they shouldRead MoreFailing Expectations On Future Generations960 Words   |  4 PagesA mere 3-4 percent today would say they are â€Å"not too happy† (Swanson). True love is supposed to last a lifetime, but for the three percent remaining of unhappy couples results in divorce. Divorce is a negative decision because children develop stress and unstable futures; nevertheless we can solve the issues of divorce by visiting marriage counselors, communicating with one another, and partaking in trail marriages Growing up with divorced parents can have a negative effect on children. â€Å"It diminishesRead MoreHow Divorce Is Affected Much More Significantly Than Those From Two Parent Families987 Words   |  4 Pagesyou because of a serious problem I see in our society. This problem has gotten out of hand with close to fifty percent of all marriages ending in divorce and it is affecting every aspect of our culture including churches such as your own. It is often seen as an easy choice with few consequences when in reality it is having devastating effects. Divorce is the problem of which I speak. Not only is it directly affecting those involved by wreaking havoc on their lives but it is also tearing down societyRead MoreThe Divorce Rate Of Divorce1123 Words   |  5 Pagesrelationship, therefore they choose divorce, which is one of the solutions to cope with problems between husband and wife. Furthermore, most people think carefully before they get marriage. However, the divorce rates t rend to continually increase nowadays, thus it might be argued that divorces can be taken place easier than the past. In the United States, researchers estimate that 40%–50% of all first marriages, and 60% of second marriages, will end in divorce. Divorce has always been present in AmericanRead MoreEssay on Divorce730 Words   |  3 PagesBroken families are on since the beginning of humanity. In fact, divorce, which has been very common in today’s societies, is the major cause that leads to family devastation. However, although, in some cases, divorce is the only solution for a family to live in peace, one must think many times before taking such decision, and that is because of many . When life becomes unbearable between a women an her husband, they may think of divorce as being a fair solution for both of them to get their â€Å"independence†Read MoreSociological Explanations For The Divorce Phenomenon1154 Words   |  5 Pagesthat has occurred in the Western family is an increased incidence in divorce. Whereas in the past, divorce was a relatively rare occurrence, in recent times it has become quite commonplace. This change is borne out clearly in census figures. For example thirty years ago in Australia, only one marriage in ten ended in divorce; nowadays the figure is more than one in three (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 1996: p.45). A consequence of this change has been a substantial increase in the number of singleRead MoreSociological Explanations For The Divorce Phenomenon1154 Words   |  5 Pagesthat has occurred in the Western family is an increased incidence in divorce. Whereas in the past, divorce was a relatively rare occurrence, in recen t times it has become quite commonplace. This change is borne out clearly in census figures. For example thirty years ago in Australia, only one marriage in ten ended in divorce; nowadays the figure is more than one in three (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 1996: p.45). A consequence of this change has been a substantial increase in the number of single

Children Who witness Violence free essay sample

Currently we are living in a world full of profound, accelerating, and sometimes traumatic changes. These changes involve opportunity, tragedy, deliverance, danger, pain, Joy, freedom and its loss. In todays society children are always witnessing community violence and personal violence that impacts their lives forever. Community violence is so pervasive in our lower income urban areas at this time. According to Hill and Jones (1997) seventy five percent of African American children and adolescents have been exposed to community violence. And more than thirty three percent have been the victims of personal violence. When a child witnesses a murder or sees a dead body his or her life is shattered by the experience. Their perception of the world being filled with safety, kindness, and meanings is now altered. Some began to believe that there life has no meaning, and that they are not safe. They have to deal with this traumatic tragedy on their own. When the murder victim is a parent who has been murdered in front of the adolescent, or found by the child the result is devastating. The terror that is experienced is hard for one to imagine. Research has found that children are severely affected by these events. They now have to deal with the trauma of what they witnessed as well as their own bereavement. After experiencing this great trouncing the child may began to display symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which can interfere with their grieving. According to LeShan (1988) the helplessness associated with witnessing the killing of their parent in particular can lead to numbing and emotional construction and attempts to avoid anything that reminds them of the event. The child may began to experience distressing nightmares about the murder and intrusive images and emories which leave the child stuck with the gruesome last images of their parents death and unable to recollect more pleasant memories. Another common reaction is that the child will attempt to avoid thinking about the trauma that interferes with the grieving process. In order to grieve for a dead loved one it is necessary to recollect it and remember it again and again. Children mourn differently than adults, and an adolescents grief can be easily aborted and replaced by a variety of defensive mechanisms, which can postpone indefinitely the process of mourning. The kid may block out the death replacing it ith something negative or positive. The way in which children grieve extends across developmental stages. Children younger than age seven usually perceive death as separation. They may feel abandoned and scared, and fear being alone or leaving people they love. Grieving young children may not want to sleep alone at night, or they may refuse to go to day care or school. Children under age seven usually are not able to verbally express their feelings; instead, they tend to act out their feelings through behaviors, such as refusing to obey adults, having temper tantrums, or role- playing their lives in pretend play. Children under the age of two may refuse to talk and be generally irritable. Children between the ages of two and five may develop problems with eating, sleeping, or bed-wetting and using the restroom. Children between the ages of seven and twelve often perceive death as a threat to their personal satety They tend to tear that they w die as well and may try to protect themselves from death. While some grieving children want to stay close to someone they think can protect them, others withdraw. Some children try to be very brave or behave extremely well; others behave terribly. A grieving child may have problems oncentrating on school work, following directions, and doing daily tasks. Children in this age group need the reassurance that they arent somehow responsible for the death they are grieving. Teens perceive death much like adults do. However, they may express their feelings in dramatic or unexpected ways. For example, they may join a religious group that defines death in a way that calms their feelings. They may try to defy death by participating in dangerous activities, such as reckless driving, smoking cigarettes, drinking alcohol, taking illegal drugs, committing crimes or having nprotected sex. Like adults, preteens and teens are capable of suicidal thoughts when grieving. Current needs or events will interrupt the grieving process. Some adolescents may appear not to have been affected by the event. Others are unable to be with a painful response for very long before they shift and need to do something else. This does not mean that they do not grieve; it Just means that they may grieve in small increments of time. Are the child may have a delayed reaction that may take days, weeks, or even months to manifest. How parents and other dults react to the childs disposition makes a difference in how the child recovers from the trauma. Childrens temperaments fluctuate and they are quite different in their ability to cope with stress and daily hassles. Some are easygoing by nature and adjust easily to events and new situations. Others are thrown off balance by changes in their lives. All children improve in their ability to handle stress if they previously have succeeded in managing challenges and if they feel they have the ability and the emotional support of family and friends. Children who have a clear sense of personal ompetence, and who feel loved and supported, generally do well. However, the stress brought on by this event may actively interfere with ones ability to reminisce or receive the coping assistance that is available to them throughout the grieving process. Children who are traumatized by the murder or death are typically haunted by intrusive images of the violence, recurring traumatic dreams, and a preoccupation with revenge fantasies. They may withdraw socially, act emotionally constructed, lose interest in their normal activities, and perform poorly in school. According to Richters and Matinez (1993) these children are also a greater risk to perpetrate violence, as they grow older. Sometimes children who witness violence began to believe that the use of violence is Justified and shows that they are stronger and powerful. They may learn to use violence to attain their wishes, or to identify with the aggressor as a way to solve interpersonal conflict with the adults or with their peers. These children are expressing their feelings outward the wrong way. Children who are exposed to this violence may begin to view the world as a hostile and dangerous place. This mind frame leaves one believing that violence is the only way to protect themselves. These children behave this way because they have been overlooked. Child witnesses to violent crimes are often on the scene when the police respond. Even though they are there investigators usually over look their presence and their ability to provide pertinent information. When children witness these types of devastating experiences it is vital that they talk about what they saw and their perceptions ot the consequences. Exposure to violence as a victim or witness poses a serious threat to American children. Child victims and witnesses need emotional support from non-offending family members, their caretakers, the school, and the professionals involved in any investigation or civil or criminal case. They also need age appropriate therapeutic services from mental health professionals who have been trained to deal with violent victimization and traumatized children. Not all children who are exposed to violence develop these symptoms. If they have the right support systems they can overcome these obstacles. Grief is a response to knowledge, what we know has to change, awareness. It is a word used to describe he emotions, cognitive, behavioral, and physical reactions that one experiences following the death ofa loved one. Grief responses include things such as: emotional numbing, denial, anger, rage, anxiety, fear, sadness, confusion sleep apnea, regression, upset stomach, and loss of appetite. When one grieves he or she often feels isolated or lonely in their grief. When someone who is close to you dies one may distance themselves from others. As the shock of the loss fades there is a tendency for the griever to feel more pain and sadness. The griever will fluctuate between wanting time to themselves and wanting to be social. The length of time in which one grieves varies. Though the grieving process can be very painful this process cannot and must not be rushed. It is very important for one to be patient with himself or herself as they experience the feelings, and individual reactions to the death. With time and support things normally do get better. However, it is normal for significant dates, holidays, or other reminders to trigger feelings related to the loss. Although grief is a normal process the symptoms should not last longer than six months, if they or interfering with ones daily functioning. Childrens school erformance, and social patterns should be monitored. Mourning is the formalized process of responding to death. This includes: funerals, memorial services, wakes, etc these semi- ritualized approaches are very useful in organizing and focusing the grief reaction in the immediate post death period. It is very important to allow children to participate in this process. Mourning is so important because it allows the grieving person to take control over the way in which they handle the trauma. By taking part in these processes the child can recall the lost without focusing on how he death occurred.

The Rise of the Papacy

The church in Rome was just one of the many churches that were all over the Roman Empire. In 70 AD, however, the destruction of Jerusalem by the army of Titus meant that Rome was the new political as well as cultural capital of the empire.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Rise of the Papacy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Since many roads led to Rome and many people travelled there was a concentration of cultures and more so missionaries to a point where Christianity adopted Rome as its home base after the destruction of Jerusalem. This led to the growth of the roman church which warranted its respect especially due to its moral and doctrinal probity. This strengthened its influence on the political class to a point where emperors like Constantine adopted Christianity and professed the faith openly. This led to the church, which had lived as a lonely entity outside the ruling class, enjoyed an imperial embrac e. With the moving of the roman political capital to Constantinople by the emperor Constantine, the bishop was left in Rome1. The bishop of Rome took over the title of the Pope due to the influence that the church had on the leadership of Rome at the time. After the Roman Empire fell to the barbarians in 455 AD, the power of the bishop in Rome had grown immensely so as to fill the vacuum of leadership that was left. The church became the defender of order as well as the provider of justice. With the invasions that were rampant all over the empire, which marked the end of the pax romana, the unity and stability of the people had been shattered and it was upon the church to restore this sense of unity and stability as well as the confidence of the people. Pope Leo the Great was of particular importance in the rise of papacy as he not only convinced the barbarians not to destroy the city of Rome, he also coaxed the emperor Valentinian into recognizing the authority of the bishop of Rom e officially which led to the issuance of an edict by the emperor that proclaimed the papal supremacy of the bishop.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The reason behind the strength of the papacy in Rome lies in the nature of its authority. The first issues that were raised in regard to the authority of the Pope, was the suggestion that the bishop of Rome was a direct successor of St. Peter. This was later followed by the fact that Jesus had given St. Peter authority over the whole Christian church hence his successor also had to exercise authority over the church. Siriciuos was the first to impose the name Pope on himself and he served the church between 384 AD and 399 AD. He was also the first to issue a ruling that had a binding legal precedent on church dispute. This made the title of the Pope to be associated with supreme ecclesiastical authority, which held pastoral guida nce over all the churches and Christians in general. Before Siricious, Damasus I had already been recognized by the roman authority in Constantinople when the heresies of Apollinarianism as well as Arianism were condemned by the roman authorities after he had condemned them. He had also commissioned the use of the Latin Vulgate in the translation of the Bible and this was followed throughout the following centuries. There was the general belief that Leo the Great was the first Pope among the non-Christians as he was the first to exercise the misinterpretation of Mathew 16:18 to acquire some form of biblical support for his great authority. In the eighth century the ‘donation of Constantine’ was made public. This publication contained the last words of Emperor Constantine that he said on his death bed and it proclaimed that he had ceded all the land as well as the authority of Rome to the Pope. This exalted the position so much that the period that followed, between 897 and 955 was characterized by a total of 17 Popes. This was due to the corruption by power that the bishops of the time had. There was also the breach of the fundamental foundations of papacy such as clerical celibacy, where some of the men bribed to be ordained, some married and some kept concubines. This phenomenon is recorded in the Bible in Revelation 2:6, 14 and 15.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Rise of the Papacy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The dominance of Western Europe was mainly characterized by the rise of monarchs. At this period the Pope would crown kings which led to the establishment of the Papal States. This was mainly informed by need to obtain protection as well as support in case of aggression by the barbarians against Rome. It is important to note that at this time, the Pope had total control over Rome, both as a Christian leader and as a political ruler, and any invasion of Rome me ant that the authority of the Pope was being challenged2. An English Benedict monk by the name of Boniface was responsible for the crowning Pepin the short as the king of the Franks with approval from the Pope. He had been ordained as bishop after his great mission to preach Christianity to the Franks who are now referred to as the Germans. He went ahead to establish monasteries in the land and this earned him a lot of trust from the Frankish rulers. This led to a close relationship between the papacy and the Franks such that when the barbarians threatened to invade Rome, king Pepin protected Rome and even went ahead to give the Pope a strip of land in Italy which then made the office of the Pope a territorial ruler. This arrangement would continue for a while and it also instilled the totalitarian power of the church over states. In 1296, however, during the reign of Pope Boniface, the Pope threatened to excommunicate anyone who dared to tax the church3. This being a period of mili tary activity most kings were running out of resources to fund their huge armies and were therefore looking for other sources of income. King Edward I of England and king Philip of France were not happy about this threat and king Phillip went ahead to put an embargo on the export of jewels from his territory. This affected the Pope’s resources and he therefore withdrew the threat of excommunication. This created doubt among the people on the authority of the pope and later in 1301 the declaration by Boniface that all human beings were subject to the roman pope, was the straw that broke the camel’s back. King Philip resolved to depose the pope by claiming that he had been elected illegally and on grounds of immorality, heresy as well as simony.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Several churches joined in and King Philip’s troops went ahead to hold the pope prisoner in his hometown of Anagni in the Apennine Mountains for three days before he was rescued by his people. The people of Anagni escorted him back to Rome where he died a few weeks later. This marked the first open rejection of the pope and his spiritual dominance by the people, especially by the monarchies of Western Europe. The rise of papacy was characterized by some positive as well as negative ramifications. Among the positive aspects was the unification of Europe especially after the Roman Empire had fallen. The pope was able to extend the same spirit of the pax romana through at a smaller scale considering that he was under the constant threat of invasions by the barbarians. There was also the spread of Christianity which contributed to the installation of Christian morals in the roman laws. This ensured that the societies in Rome adopted the teaching of Jesus and were holier than befo re. Missionaries were now allowed to travel all over the empire to spread the word as well as establish churches and monasteries. The negative ramifications on the other hand, were specifically disastrous to the Christian belief. The assumption of secular leadership by the bishops exposed the church to scrutiny especially where the church had to give rulings that contradicted the Bible and its teachings, for instance, in cases of executions. The later rejection of the pope especially in the Western Monarchies also served to weaken the church and the Christian faith. Bibliography Ferguson, Everett. â€Å"Baptism in the early church: history, theology, and liturgy in the first five centuries†. Journal of Religious Studies Review 36 issue 1, (2010): 81-93. Web. Nicole, Roger R. â€Å"The Canon of the New Testament.† Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society 40, no. 2 (2002): 199-206. Web. Verlag, Franz-Steiner. The evidence of the conversion of to Christianity: book 16 of the theodosian code.Historia: Zeitschrift fà ¼r Alte Geschichte (1993). Web. Footnotes 1 Verlag, Franz-Steiner. The evidence of the conversion of to Christianity: book 16 of the theodosian code. Historia: Zeitschrift fà ¼r Alte Geschichte (1993). 68. 2 Everett Ferguson. â€Å"Baptism in the early church: history, theology, and liturgy in the first five centuries†. Journal of Religious Studies Review. Volume 36, issue 1, (2010). 71. 3 Roger, R. Nicole. â€Å"The Canon of the New Testament.† Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society 40, no. 2 (2002): 134. This essay on The Rise of the Papacy was written and submitted by user Shiloh Greene to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Environmental Risks From Mine Tailings

Environmental Risks From Mine Tailings Tailings are a type of rock waste from the mining industry. When a mineral product is mined, the valuable portion is usually embedded in a rock matrix called ore. Once the ore has been stripped of its valuable minerals, sometimes through the addition of chemicals, it is piled up into tailings. Tailings can reach immense proportions, appearing in the form of large hills (or sometimes ponds) on the landscape. Tailings deposited as large piles can cause a variety of environmental problems: Slumps, landslides. Tailing piles can be unstable, and experience landslides. In 1966, in Aberfan, Wales, a hill of mining debris famously collapsed onto buildings, resulting in 144 deaths. There are also cases where wintertime avalanches occurred on tailings, with loss of life for residents below.Dust. Dry tailing deposits contain small particles that are picked up by the wind, transported, and deposited on communities nearby. In the tailings of some silver mines, arsenic and lead is present in the dust in high enough concentrations to cause serious health problems.Leaching. When rain falls on tailings, it leaches away materials that can create water pollution, for example, lead, arsenic, and mercury. Sulfuric acid is sometimes produced when water interacts with tailings, or it can be a by-product of ore processing. As a result, highly acidic water leaks from the tailings and disrupts aquatic life downstream. Tailings from copper and uranium mining often produce measurable levels of radioactivity. Tailing Ponds Some mining wastes become very fine after they have been ground up during processing. The fine particles are then generally mixed with water and piped into impoundments as a slurry or sludge. This method cuts down on dust problems, and at least in theory, the impoundments are engineered to let excess water flow out without leaking tailings. Coal ash, while not a type of tailing, is a coal burning by-product stored the same way, and carrying similar environmental risks. In reality, tailing ponds also carry several environmental risks: Dam failure. There have been numerous instances where the dam holding back the impoundment collapsed. The consequences to the aquatic communities below can be serious, for example in the case of the Mount Polly Mine Disaster.  Leaks. Tailing ponds can be hundreds of acres in size, and in those cases, leaks into surface and ground waters are probably inevitable. The heavy metals, acids, and other contaminants end up polluting groundwater, lakes, streams, and rivers. Some very large ponds in Canada’s tar sands operations leak large amounts of tailings in the underlying soil, in the aquifer, and ultimately into the nearby Athabasca River.Wildlife exposure. Migrating waterfowl has been known to land on tailing ponds, and in some cases with dramatic consequences. In 2008, about 1,600 ducks died after landing on a tar sands tailing pond in Alberta, contaminated by floating bitumen, a tar-like substance. However, simple deterrent measures can reduce that risk significantly.

Blueberry Incorporated †Global Business Plan

Blueberry Incorporated – Global Business Plan Free Online Research Papers Blueberry Incorporated is a Seattle, Washington-based telecommunications company considering introducing its cellular telephones to the Chinese market. Aware of the fact that there is strong competition in the market, Blueberry understands that the high demand for cellular telephones in China outweighs the existing threat of competition and makes conducting business in the country an attractive business opportunity for the Seattle-based company. However, before moving forward with the idea of entering the Chinese market, Blueberry must take a close look at the risks associated with doing business in China and find a way to manage such risks. Hill (2009) stated â€Å"The attractiveness of a country as a potential market for an international business depends on balancing the benefits, costs, and risks associated with doing business in that country† (p. 488). By conducting a regional and a country analysis, Blueberry will have a picture of the challenges associated with conducti ng business in China and the necessary data to give life to objectives and goals that will help the company tailor a plan. Once the risks associated with doing business in China have been identified, Blueberry will conduct a SWOT analysis that will help identify the pros and cons of moving forward with the company’ plan. Once a regional and a country analysis have taken place, Blueberry Incorporated must identify a strategy that will help launch and sell the cellular telephones in the Chinese market, and an optimal entry mode that will support the company’s objectives and goals. Each entry mode has advantages and disadvantages. Hill (2009) stated â€Å"Managers need to consider these carefully when deciding which to use† (p. 493). Blueberry Incorporated will present and analyze data regarding conducting operations in China; based on the results of the analysis, Blueberry will have to decide if moving forward with the idea of entering the Chinese market would be a feasible idea. The Conceptualized Organization and Product The Chinese market is in the midst of a rampant shift in consumerism. As China is shifting from â€Å"developing country† status to a major center of trade, foreign corporations are looking upon this consumer giant as a growth area. With merging markets and increases in consumerism, corporations must hit this emerging economy running. Blueberry Inc. is a Seattle-based telecommunications company founded as a result of the information technology bubble burst in the 1990s. The company has divisions all over the U.S. with recent success in the Canadian market. Blueberry Inc. has a diverse employee base employing 18,000 people globally. Blueberry Inc. has developed a smart phone that has revolutionized the North American market by bringing the desktop computer to the palm of the hand. Currently Blueberry Inc. outsources the manufacturing of the handheld devices to their plants in China, capitalizing on the lower costs of labor and proximately to parts vendors. The company has found success in their streamlined supply chain and logistic coordination processes that has resulted in efficiency increases and cost reductions. Blueberry Inc. has developed a reputation for quality and innovation. With immense success in North American, Blueberry stakeholders are looking at China as a new growth market. By the year 2015 China is positioned to be the second largest economy next the U.S. in terms of GDP by billions of dollars (Hill, 2009). When trending economic growth and population increases, China’s growth is exponential. The slope in trend curve is greater than that of the United States, whom currently the largest global economy. Blueberry Inc. current manufacturing footprint aligns the company with their growth objectives. The strategy opens new markets and decreases the distance to market that both equate to increased profitability. Region Analysis For Blueberry Inc. to successfully setup operations abroad in China, the organization will need regional alliances along the Far East and Australasia region. One portion of the alliance can be found in China and is already in place because of the outsourcing that takes place in the manufacturing plants. This takes care of the manufacturing side of the business; however the American company will need to establish alliances on the marketing side. Huawei is a telecommunications company in China that specializes in Broadband, cell phones, core network, data communication, and value-added services (Huawei, 2010). â€Å"Every day, 120,000 new Chinese customers subscribe to a cell phone service† (Gifford, 2005, p.1). Such a statistic clearly shows that a market exists for cell phone customers in the country. Huawei competes with ZTE, another large Chinese-based telecom company. Blueberry Inc. could consider developing an alliance with Huawei for sales and distribution. Such a move would be beneficial for Blueberry Inc. expanding their international ventures and assisting Huawei to remain competitive with ZTE. Coordinating with organizations like the Chinese Market Research group will give Blueberry Inc. better insight regarding competition and market analysis. The Far East and Australasia region has faced many security challenges with threats of terrorism but such threats were reduced by the pause in al-Qa’ida activity (Tan, 2010). In addition to terrorist threats, the Southeast Asian waterways were threatened by piracy (Tan, 2010). Though China is considered politically stable, there have been questions and issues of corruption, social unrest, and energy shortages within the entire region. Threats and concerns exist in China, but it is not known as a current flashpoint for terrorist activity. It is known that the region has seen hardships concerning social conditions. The region has also been plagued with rioting and domestic instability followed by health scares such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and fears of the avian influenza pandemic (Tan, 2010). â€Å"In 2009 the region was deeply affected by the global economic downturn precipitated by the financial crisis in the USA. The nature of the global interlinked economy resulted in a contagion effect, which had a serious impact on the region. However, although Japan’s economy was in rapid decline in early 2009, China withstood the crisis relatively well, owing to its vast foreign-exchange reserves and dynamic economy. As a result, China emerged in 2009 to take its place as a global power, while the USA experienced serious economic difficulties† (Tan, 2010). The National People’s Congress in China has focused more attention on growing social instability matters like industrial and production safety, pollution, health care, education, taxation, land-seizures and population relocation (Chan, 2006). The Far East and Australasia region also has environmental issues such as pollution, increased landslides, untreated sewage affecting waterways, and dust storms. Logist ically the physical environment does not negatively affect trade as China has many harbors for imports and exports and has spent millions of dollars upgrading infrastructure. Country Analysis Political Stability China’s unitary state status calls for a structured way of government composed of different levels of control and feedback. According to  ROUTLEDGE TAYLOR AND FRANCIS GROUP  (2010),  Ã¢â‚¬Å"China is a unitary state. Directly under the Central Government there are 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, including Xizang (Tibet), and four municipalities (Beijing, Chongqing, Shanghai and Tianjin)† (Government,  para. 1). The different levels in this type of government structure serve as check points in making decisions that could affect the country’s political stability. This process helps screen decisions that could negatively impact the country and affect an economic venture. Economic Conditions China’s economic conditions inspire moving forward with conducting business in the country. According, to  Bloomberg  (2010)  Ã¢â‚¬Å"China’s economy is the third largest in the world, after the U.S. and Japan, and as the second largest trading nation, its influence on the world economy continues to grow† (Chinas Economy,  Para. 1). Finance Options Availables Business loans from commercial banks can help a company generate the funds necessary to cross borders and do business at a global level. Seeking investors who will help fund the cost of doing business can also help a company reach its business goals. With China’s economy continuing to grow, finding interested investors should not be very challenging. According to  ROUTLEDGE TAYLOR AND FRANCIS GROUP  (2010), â€Å"In 2007, according to estimates by the World Bank, China’s gross national income (GNI), measured at average 2005–07 prices, was US  $3,120,891m., equivalent to some $2,360 per head (or $5,370 on an international purchasing-power parity basis)† (Economic Affairs, Para. 1) . Physical Environment and its Effect on Trade The selection of a location in China that will make doing business at a global level possible is an important factor to consider. The size of the country offers many locations for a business to be established however, selecting an area close to shipping avenues will facilitate reaching other countries. According to  ROUTLEDGE TAYLOR AND FRANCIS GROUP  (2010),  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The People’s Republic of China covers a vast area of eastern Asia, with Mongolia and Russia to the north, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan to the north-west, Afghanistan and Pakistan to the west, and India, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar (formerly Burma), Laos and Viet Nam to the south† (Location, Climate, Language, Religion, Flag, Capital,  Para. 1). Social, Health, and Environmental Conditions China has thousands of institutes of higher learning with more than 20 students attending. The country’s level of education reflects in its social development. China’s health system is mostly based on government operated expensive and corrupt hospitals. Some environmental conditions in China are air pollution, diminishing biodiversity, and water pollution (ROUTLEDGE TAYLOR AND FRANCIS GROUP,  2010). Cultural Considerations Ignoring cultural differences and not taking China’s culture into consideration during the planning and execution phases of doing business in the country could lead to failure. The different views on Chinese and American values must be clearly understood and not allowed to interfere with the business’ success. â€Å"The Chinese may contribute land, factory, labor, and some machinery, but expect foreign investors to contribute technology, capital, equipment, management expertise, and working capital. They rely on nepotism; as a result many firms are poorly managed, with excess staff and weak work ethic† (Wong Maher,  1997, p. 11). Legal, Regulatory, and Political Risks As their nations economy has grown, Chinese officials have worked to improve global business conditions. International business presents tremendous opportunities but also a significant amount of risks are involved. Though the government has  implemented certain strategies to mitigate risks, the regulatory risk in China still remains. Conducting business in China can be costly, as the visiting company must confer with various Chinese authorities, which often incurs extra costs (Hoening, 2007). Many of China’s policies are design to protect their home organizations from foreign competition. Companies looking to invest or open businesses in China must be aware of local laws and also that risk increases when dealing with the Chinese judicial system. Because of the communist government, the political risk of doing business in China is heightened. The authoritarian government possesses absolute power and the country has strong military and intelligence agency presence. Political variables strongly affect the way business is performed in China. Repatriation and Foreign Exchange In 2008, China exempted an American venture firm from paying 10 % withholding tax for repatriating profits (Marshall, 2008). China has had strict rules on foreign exchange but has made efforts to reconsider to attract more international business. In April 2010, China publicly stated they â€Å"will make its own decisions on how to manage its exchange rate and rejected accusations that the Yuan is undervalued, amid growing international calls for a stronger currency. The commerce ministry defends the exchange rate policy as necessary to protect Chinese exporters hit by the global financial crisis and ensure jobs growth in the vast manufacturing sector† (AFP, 2010). Competitive Risk Formally declared in 2007 and put into effect in August of 2008, China enacted the PRC anti-monopoly law, the first of its kind. This law was designed to â€Å"prevent and halt monopolistic acts, ensure fair market competition, improve economic efficiency, safeguard the interests of consumers and the public interest and promote the healthy development of the socialist market economy† (China Law and Practice, 2010). This law offers protection and intervention against international companies attempting to exploit or disrupt domestic businesses inside China. The competitive risk remains high and the visiting company such as Blueberry Inc. must be aware of the anti-monopoly laws that could threaten the organization’s assets. Taxation China has its own taxation laws. The Ministry of Finance is the national agency that oversees economic regulations, government expenditure as well as fiscal and macroeconomic policies under the Central Government. Though minimal risk exists, it is a claim the nation’s governing authorities echo to this day. â€Å"The previous system of corporate taxation, whereby foreign-invested enterprises or FIEs enjoyed low rates of tax compared with domestic companies, began to be phased out in January 2008, and full unification of the taxation systems for domestic companies and FIEs is likely to be achieved by the end of the forecast period† (Economist Intelligence Unit, 2010). By the end of 2008, China had instituted Double Taxation Agreements that prevent double taxation, with 94 countries (Worldwide Tax, 2009). Risk and Challenges Market Risks (Four P’s) The four P’s refers to product, price, place and promotion; these are the composition of the marketing mix. These parameters can be controlled my marketing managers in different environments. The four P’s are vital for product implementation and the success of the product. Blue Berry inc. must be mindful of the marketing risk associated with the conducting business in China (Hill, 2010) p.592 describes the marking mix as â€Å"the set of choices the firm offers to its target market.† Therefore, Blue Berry inc. must be aware that the marking mix which, worked in the United States would need to be adjusted for the Chinese market. The company will have to vary the marketing mix in China because of culture, economic development, product standard and the distribution channels, therefore the product design, distribution strategy, pricing, and promotion strategy must match with the Chinese market, if, Blue Berry Inc. is to strive in the this environment (Hill, 2007). For example, Blue Berry Inc. must ensure the price is feasible because China have a population of 865 million which is 15-64 years of age; these ages comprise the working class of the country and; tend to be price sensitive because of a generation gap. Blue Berry Inc. will have to adjust the smart phone, since there is a generational gap. Therefore, the firm may need to have a few different models to satisfy local responsiveness. Distribution and Supply Chain Risks A critical portion of the marketing mix is the distribution strategy, in contrast not having a strategy is asking for trouble. The way Blue Berry Inc. distribute the supply of high-tech phones is a large portion of how the company decides to enter the Chinese market. The risk associated with the distribution and supply chain is vital for Blue Berry Inc. entry into the Chinese market. The differences in the distribution chain within countries are retail concentration, channel length, channel exclusivity, and channel quality; choosing the right channel is of up most importance. Therefore, Blue Berry Inc. must access which; channel will best serve the need of the company. Since, China is heavily populated; a fragmented retail system would best serve the company because the mass of the populace will travel by walking. In addition, the company would benefit if the phones are sold through a short channel system, Blue Berry Inc. would use a wholesaler and then the phones is distributed through fragment retail markets, thus reducing the financial burden. As mention prior; there is a risk of a supply chain as well. The risks are supply disruption, cost barriers, breakdown in global dispersed supply chain as the case with attaches of September 11, 2001. As well as having control of the supply chain. Blue Berry Inc. have minimized the risk by outsourcing the production of phone in the host country of China ; therefore having the supply chain there is cost effective and give the company more control. However, there is risk from the government as well because China will have an upcoming election in 2012 if there is any significant policy failure by the current leadership within it could reopen the terms of the deal. If the government were, for example, to mishandle its response to the current global economic crisis, this could lead to a further upsurge in social instability (EIU, 2010). Physical and Environmental Challenges to Entering and Operating in China The physical and environmental risk associated with entering and operating in China is that 27 % of region is plagued with desertification and floods. The areas is either too dry or receive too much water. This could pose a problem because if the region floods frequently, this could damage Blue Berry Inc’s operations and supply chain. Furthermore, the results from droughts could cause unrest in the region and workers to be unruly because of the lack of adequate driving water (Freeberne, 2010). Social and Cultural Risks The risk with Social and cultural in china is , China is a country with social class divisions which was strengthen in communist rule that divides rural peasantry and urban dwellers; could be a risk because this restricts most Chinese to their birth place. This keeps many Chinese from urban privileges such as compulsory education, quality schools, health care, public housing, varieties of foodstuffs (Hill, 2007). However, these walls have crumbled over the years; they are being resurrected in today’s urban china. The risk here is that social stratification will cause tension between management and labor; this could cause tension with operations for Blue Berry Inc. Furthermore, human capital is limited in terms of skilled labors. A perfect case in point is that Chinese companies are experiencing a labor shortage, so much that they have to raise wages. In 2006 salaries was increased by 40% in an attempt to lure in skilled labors in China (Business week, 2006). The Guangdong Province have 2.5 million jobs that still remain unfilled because of skilled labor force; in attempt to curve this current problem, U.S. companies in China believe better education and training is a way to change the game. Nonetheless, according to consultant McKinsey Co, â€Å"China today has fewer than 5,000 managers with the skills needed by multinationals, 75,000 jobs for such managers are expected to be created over the next five years.† (Business week, 2006). Cyber or Technology Since, productions is based from china, there needs to be constant communication from the United States and from the distribution point to local venders through Internet capability and advance technology for tracking orders and inventory. Therefore, there is a risk that not having the correct human capital in place; because of social stratification will be a huge factor. Blue Berry Inc. must be mindful of where operations will be established. For example â€Å"Motorola regularly hires graduates straight from school and then trains them at its Motorola University in Beijing. Intel Corp., have invested $1.3 billion in chip assembly, testing, and research and development in China, has backed initiatives that have trained 600,000 teachers there† (Business week, 2006). Managing Risks Political, Legal, and Regulatory The political, legal, and regulatory risks previously covered call for Blueberry Incorporated to stay abreast of changes that could affect the company. Hill (2009) stated â€Å"Many firms devote considerable attention to political risk analysis and to quantifying political risk† (p. 679). Since many of China’s policies protect their home organizations, as previously mentioned, partnering with one of their strongest telecommunications companies, Huawei or ZTE will extend their protection to Blueberry Incorporated. Exchange and Repatriation of Funds As a company that will engage in production and shipping, Blueberry needs to protect itself from possible exchange rate changes by engaging in forward exchange. Hill (2009) stated â€Å"A forward exchange occurs when two parties agree to exchange currency and execute the deal at some specific date in the future. Exchange rates governing such future transactions are referred to as forward exchange rates† (p. 327). Transactions in amounts exceeding $200,000 U.S. require SAFE’s approval. Blueberry would seek expert advice from the South Asian Federation Exchanges (SAFE) and consider working with transactions below the $200, 000 U.S. limit. Competitive Risk By introducing a new phone, Blueberry will get the attention of other companies and trigger an interest on launching a better product. Maintaining a low cost production and a marketing that will generate a strong customer base will minimize the effects of competition. Hill (2009) stated â€Å"Once a firm has established a low-cost position, it can act as a barrier to new competition† (p. 431). Partnering with Huawei or ZTE would eliminate a strong competitor in China’s telecommunications market and minimize the risks associated with competition. Taxation and Double Taxation The fact that China follows existing agreements that avoid double taxation is a benefit for Blueberry; however, the company must stay informed of political changes that could impact the existing laws and if needed take immediate action to avoid a negative financial impact. Blueberry can stay informed of political changes and changes in taxation laws by monitoring announced or projected changes on taxation announced by The Ministry of Finance. Market Risk As a new company competing in the Chinese market, Blueberry Incorporated must focus on the necessary research that will produce a good picture of effective marketing, pricing, and details that will make its new telephone attractive to the people of China. Once a clear picture is obtained, Blueberry will have a blueprint to follow. Besides designing a cellular telephone with all applications in the Chinese language, Blueberry Incorporated will take advantage of the money saved by producing the cellular telephones in China and offer telephones loaded with attractive applications. Distribution and Supply Chain To eliminate the possibility of losing control of the supply chain and ensure a clear distribution channel, Blueberry will select a short channel system. As previously mentioned, Blueberry Incorporated would use a wholesaler and then the telephones would be distributed through fragmented retail markets. Physical and Environmental Challenges Understanding the environmental challenges in China and how they can affect the operations and supply chain, Blueberry Incorporated must ensure that a location that will allow its objectives and goals to be reached is selected. Establishing operations in a drought or flood risk zone could affect Blueberry’s intentions of succeeding in China. To mange this risk, the company must ensure that facilities and channel system selected are clear of these threats. Social and Cultural To succeed in the Chinese market, Blueberry must have a clear picture of what is attractive to the Chinese people. Hill (2009) stated â€Å"Because different segments exhibit different patterns of purchasing behavior, firms often adjust their marketing mix from segment to segment† (p. 593). Blueberry must also focus on creating an organizational culture where the local management and labor set aside differences and separation caused by living in a communist country. A clear mission statement and training sessions focused on inspiring team work would help manage this risk. Cyber or Technology To stay ahead of the competition and to minimize possible risks, Blueberry must take full advantage of the latest cyber and technological advances. Hill (2009) stated â€Å"These developments make it possible for a firm to create and then manage a globally dispersed production system, further facilitating the globalization of production† (p. 12). When considering a location based on physical and environmental threats, the location must also meet the communications access required to manage a business overseas. To mange possible risks, Blueberry must hire the right number of people and provide them with the equipment required for the tracking and distribution of its product. Mission and Objectives Blueberry’s mission is to succeed at launching a new American designed cellular telephone in China and becoming a successful telecommunications organization in the Chinese market. By creating an organizational culture with strong ethical beliefs and promoting a team work mentality, Blueberry Incorporated’s goal is to become the most accepted American company operating in China. The objectives that will serve as stepping stones to reach Blueberry Incorporated’s goal focus on managing the risks associated with doing business in a foreign country; specifically, China, partnering with a strong local telecommunications company, and operating in an ethical manner. These objectives will be followed by operating as an individual telecommunications company in China. SWOT Analysis Strengths: launching of a new product, awareness of and management of risks associated with conducting business in China, and the opportunity of becoming the partner of a strong already established Telecommunications Company in China. Weaknesses: the need for strong financial resources needed, production capability, lack of experience in the Chinese market, identifying a location free of physical and environmental threats, communism related separation in the country, social and cultural differences. Opportunities: not having double taxation, introducing a new telephone, high number of shipping channels available, possible success from exploring the Chinese market, attractiveness, and acceptance of a high technology telephone, opportunity to partner up with a strong telecommunications company, and demand for cellular telephones. Threats: operating in a communist country, understanding and adjusting to cultural differences, risks involved in doing business in a foreign country, local laws and regulations, the existing competition in China, controls affecting the exporting of products, avoiding environmental challenges, social and cultural differences, SAFE regulations, unable to become partners with one of the strong telecommunications companies in China, and unexpected changes in a communist country Strategy Selection and Mode of Entry Blueberry Inc will employ a localization strategy for the Blueberry handheld mobile device’s entry into China. The Chinese product launch will be customized to meet the censorship and filters laws that exist within China. As Chinese government holds stringent laws restricting sexual content and anti-communistic material, Blueberry Inc must customize their cell-phone launch prior to entering the market. â€Å"By customizing the product offering to local demands, the firm increases the value of the product in local markets† (Hill, 2009, p. 437). Blueberry will leverage their existing manufacturing facilities in China as part of their entry strategy. With the size of the Chinese market, Blueberry’s management believes they can capture the costs of customization (Hill, 2009). Blueberry’s Inc entrance strategy will include the wholly owned subsidiary approach. The subsidiary approach will enable the company to introduce a localization strategy meeting the specific demands of the market while maintaining control over the product (Hill, 2009). This will increase profitability through product customization enabling higher profit margins. The offset in costs resulting from localization will be realized through higher price points and existing manufacturing infrastructure (Hill, 2009). With the potential size of the Chinese market, scales of economy will exist within the country. Neighboring markets allow for future expansion possibility, leverage the pre-existing manufacturing and operations presence in China. Further, Blueberry Inc’s strategy will include an alliance with the state owned China Mobile, the world’s largest telecommunications company with more than 500 million customers (China Mobile, 2010). With Blueberry Inc’s current existing infrastructure and lower labor costs, the capital costs associated with the wholly owned subsidiary approach will be minimal. The alignment with China Mobile will offer a vehicle for instant market access without the cultural learning curve required starting anew (Hill, 2009). The wholly owned subsidiary will allow Blueberry Inc to customize their product while protecting their intellectual proprietary technology. China mobile will benefit from the flexibility of Blueberry’s Inc manufacturing and product turnaround in exchange for access to a vast customer base, while showcasing Blueberry Inc’s product as part of the client contract offering. The wholly owned subsidiary will allow Blueberry Inc to capture one hund red percent of the profits, and maintain an economy of scale with access to China Mobile’s customer base (Hill, 2009). Additionally, as China Mobile is looking to enter the U.S. market, China Mobile can leverage the Blueberry Inc relationship as part of their entrance strategy into North America. Blueberry Inc’s alignment with China Mobile will enable immediate access to the Chinese market but will also increase U.S. sales with China Mobiles expansion. Contingent Plan The contingent plan in the event the China Mobile Alliance fails fruition, will involve a financing campaign to secure funds to increase marketing and distribution networks. Blueberry Inc will also seek alternative telecommunication providers to leverage their current market and access to instant customers and brand. Blueberry China believes the alliance with a recognized Chinese brand will result in instant credibility and transition the U.S based company into the Chinese market. The Marketing Mix The marking mix is the most important aspect for the Seattle- based Blue Berry Inc. as stated prior; when the discussion of the marking risk arose. The firm understands that for Blue Berry Inc.; to thrive in the Chinese market the marketing mix must be varied to that environment. Blue Berry Inc is producing the smart phones in China to save on production cost, which will benefit the company because the firm can offer a competitive price to the Chinese market. The phones are sold through a short channel system and will be distributed through a wholesaler; then the phones are distributed through fragment retail markets. In addition, Blue Berry Inc, would have managers in place at the point of production to oversee the phones are up to the standard and quality of the company. Since, the Chinese market is much more diverse from that of the United States; the smart phones must be customized to gain local consumer responsiveness. China has more than100 million users of the Internet according to (Hill, 2009) and the rate is growing fast, therefore the firm needs to make the smart phone; a small computer in the palm of the user’s hand, so users can have Internet capability on the go. This is different in comparison to the phones distributed in the Canadian and U.S. Markets because the users in these markets will have to pay for additional services. Product Modification As mentioned previously, the consumers of the Canadian and U.S. market will endure a different type of the marketing mix; this will not be the same for consumers in the Chinese market. The smart phones sold in the Chinese market will adhere to a very different marketing mix because the smart phone distributed in China will have a built-in camera and will be sold with a blue tooth ear piece already paired with the phone in addition, will have many applications preinstalled on the phone, but not limited to Google maps, music store, free Internet access, and English teaching capabilities. Blue Berry Inc. can offer these services at no extra charge to the Chinese market because of the cost savings of production in the China. Pricing The pricing in the Chinese market will be competitive. Since, the market for cell phones has become a norm in the urban areas of China due the bustling economy and large population; the price of phones in the region has decreased. The cheapest Camera phone is about $72 US (Gia, 2009). What Blue Berry Inc. would like to do is price the smart phones with all the features for far less than this price; because of the cost saving the firm achieved in local production. Market Indicators and Trends China is a developing country and so are the trends of the society. The impacts of mobile phones in china have created a twenty –first century techno- culture; in China, mobile phones are both metaphor and practice which is transforming the Chinese society because of new classes and mobility (Gai, 2009). The attention is mainly focused on migrant worker and the elderly, but most notably the mobile phone in china is maintaining social relationships (Gai, 2009). Research has suggested that the growing use of cell phones in the urban areas of China have taken an important role for the mobile market. E-Business Although the firm will have a short channel distribution system to be sold at local venders, Blue Berry Inc. managers understands that reaching outside the urban areas of China will be profitable, therefore the firm will have a website with business partner Huawei the telecommunications company based in China; to tap into the suburban market. The website would present users with weekly promotions of sale of the smart phone and offer discounts from the service contracts with Huawei. In addition, offer a bill pay feature. Financial Overview Blueberry Inc. is a Sources of Financing Financing is a very important part of setting up the global business venture and there are many available options for financing. Blueberry Inc can choose from both international and domestic lenders. The People’s Republic of China is a member of the Asian Development Bank or ADB, a financial instituion based in Manila. The ADB â€Å"provides direct assistance to private enterprises of developing countries through equity investments, guarantees, and loans† (ADB, 2010). The U.S. Commercial Service’s Liaison Office to the ADB or CS ADB oversees the process of firms based in the United States that are interested in pursuing business opportunities in the ADB member nations (CS ADB, 2010). The ADB is a commercial bank that provides financing for foreign investors and borrowers. In addition to highly desirable interest rates, Blueberry Inc. can utilize the services of CS ADB for counseling and market research as well as introductions and appointments with key ADP office rs (CS ADB, 2010). U.S. Bancorp is the parent company of the fifth largest commercial bank in the United States, U.S. Bank. U.S. Bank is an institution well known for helping both established businesses expanding into new emerging markets as well as small businesses entering into global markets (U.S. Bank, 2010). In addition to loans, U.S. Bank offers a variety of services including risk management and trade negotiation assistance. Borrowing from this domestic bank lowers the chances of Blueberry Inc. losing money from profits. U.S. Bank offers assistance with currency risk management to help organizations like Blueberry Inc. manage foreign currency risks and other circumstances in undesirable foreign exchange rate environments. When choosing the best financial source option, Blueberry Inc. must look at more than interest rates and financing. U.S. Bank offers extensive risk management tools. The company helps with translation, transaction, sovereign, exchange, and economic risk. Translation risk deals with accounting risks due to translated statements from currency to currency. Transaction risk is linked with possible losses and gains on transactions vulnerable to foreign exchange rate movements. Sovereign risk is associated with political risks while availability, government exchange controls and the transfer of hard currency out of the country influence exchange risk (U.S. Bank, 2010). Organizational Business Structure There exists much competition as Blueberry Inc. introduces the cell phone into the Chinese market. As a result, Blueberry Inc. global subsidiary promotes greater local responsiveness with incorporation of Blueberry China (Hill, 2009). Blueberry Inc decisions pertaining to â€Å"overall firm strategy, major financial expenditures, financial objectives, and legal issues† will remain centralized through their headquarters in Seattle, Washington (Hill, 2009, p. 453). The â€Å"production, marketing, RD, and human resources† decisions will be de-centralized and overseen through the operations of the Chinese subsidiary (Hill, 2009, p.453). The de-centralization component enables for localization of the product while creating cost economies with immediate access to market, while the centralization component permits the company to maintain control of the overall corporate vision as it aligns with international strategy (Hill, 2009). Furthermore, the de-centralization structure within China offers product flexibility resulting from market dynamics. This approach will yield better decision making and product control as the management will be closer to influences of the market (Hill, 2009). Blueberry Inc will utilize a Worldwide Product Divisional Structure. This structure aligns with the de-centralized decision making components and â€Å"facilitates local responsiveness† particular to the conditions of the Chinese market (Hill, 2009, p.457). The centralized decision making components are overseen and controlled at the Seattle headquarter level. Figure 1 illustrates Blueberry Inc’s World Wide Product Divisional Structure. Figure 1- Blueberry Inc’s World Wide Product Divisional Structure SHAPE \* MERGEFORMAT When change to strategy or tactics change; reporting through the functional unit support consists of front line supervisors and field personnel who report to their functional managers. Functional managers report to Regional Vice President, who report to Blueberry Incorporated headquarters. Figure 1 illustrates the chain of command when there is need for change to strategy or tactics. This structure enables headquarters to maintain overall strategic development and financial control over each world-wide product group (Hill, 2009). Exit Strategy Smart phone technology is rampantly changing. The obsolete technology timeframe is getting shorter. To accommodate a growing Chinese economy and the need for increasingly innovative smart phone technologies, the need for capital will increase. Manufacturing capacity and for manufacturing refit will become costly. As Chinese competition is heavily funded, Blueberry Inc’s market intelligence will be imperative as the company diversifies their technology portfolio. Blueberry Inc will have to seek additional capital from both domestic and international markets to maintain competitiveness. As revenues are generated in China, Blueberry Inc’s will explore business opportunities in the eastern hemisphere, leveraging their manufacturing and operations presence in China. Blueberry Inc believes in the sustainability of the Chinese market and recognizes the potential through technology diversification. With current infrastructure in place, Blueberry will diversify their t echnology offering, branding the Blueberry China brand as a staple of innovation. Aligning with their entrance strategy, China was seen as a market to leverage into future markets. The alliance of a major telecommunications presents a model for future diversification. The founders or equity stake holders exit strategy will be through an Initial Purchase Offering (IPO). Taking the company public will allow for investors to exit the company and divest their equity holding through stock sale. In the event Blueberry Inc encounters unmanageable obstacles, the company could consider being acquired or setting themselves up for a sale. Final Recommendation To better understand the challenges faced when operating in the Chinese market and the risks associated with conducting business in a foreign country, Blueberry Incorporated conducted research in the form of a region and a country analysis. With the intention of balancing out the pros and cons associated with launching its cellular telephone in China, the company also conducted a SWOT Analysis. Cultural differences, threats of terrorism, poor medical services, and government corruption were some of the challenges identified as a result of conducting a country analysis. If Blueberry Incorporated decides to move forward with operating in China, the company would have to keep a close eye on the many threats associated with doing business in the Chinese market and focus on how to manage these risks. Operating outside of the United States is not a new venture for Blueberry Incorporated, the company’s has been very successful operating in Canada; however, operating in a communist country presents new challenges. There are other challenges that must also be considered; entering a market in which two very strong telecommunications companies have established themselves can also be very challenging. Entering the Chinese market would bring many challenges to Blueberry Incorporated; however, even though there would be challenges to manage, the market offers an attractive business opportunity for the Seattle-based telecommunications company. It is recommended that Blueberry Incorporated moves forward with entering the Chinese market. As previously highlighted, every day 120,000 people in China subscribe to a cellular telephone service; it was also mentioned that China’s economy is strong and continues to grow. Blueberry Incorporated has a foot in the door; the fact that Blueberry products are already being produced in China places the company a step closer to achieving its goal of achieving success in the market. If Blueberry Incorporated manages to create an alliance with one of the two largest telecommunications companies in China, it will be on its way to becoming a successful telecommunications company in the Chinese market. Conclusion (Manny) References ADB. (2010). Asian Development Bank. Retrieved April 1, 2010 from adb.org/ (2006,  March). How Rising Wages Are Changing The Game In China. Business week, Retrieved from: businessweek.com/magazine/content/06_13/b3977049.htm AFP. (2010). 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Retrieved April 2, 2010 from the University of Phoenix Library at http://portal.eiu.com/index.asp?layout=displayIssueArticleregion_id=1510000351geography_id=1800000180eiu_geography_id=article_id=954455680 Gifford, R. (2005). Chinese telecom companies look to global markets. National Public Radio. Retrieved March 12, 2010 from npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4801437 Gai, B.  (2009).  A World through the Camera Phone Lens: a Case Study.  Retrieved from http://web.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/ehost/pdf?vid=4hid=4sid=f6e4a5d0-21bc-46c6-a003-ce2bc4b91802%40sessionmgr12 Hill, C. W. L. (2009). International business: Competing in the global marketplace (7th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Retrieved March 10, 2010 from the University of Phoenix library on the World Wide Web at: https://ecampus.phoenix.edu/classroom/ic/classroom.aspx Huawei. (2010). Retrieved March 12, 2010 from huawei.com/products_services.do U.S. China Business Council. (2009). Retrieved March 12, 2010 from uschina.org/public/documents/2009/china_policy_recommendations.pdf Yim Yu Wong,  Ã‚  Thomas E Maher.  (1997). Trading with China is not like trading with Japan: A cultural comparison for foreign investors.  Management Research News,  20(4),  11-19.   Retrieved March 13, 2010, from ABI/INFORM Global. (Document ID:  293756971). Blanchard, B., Buckly.C., Lan, W. (2010). China warns Google to obey rules even if it pulls out. Retrieved March 19, 2010 from the Reuters website: reuters.com/article/technology-media-telco-SP/idUSTOE62F06F20100316 China Mobile (2010). Corporate profile. Retrieved March 21, 2010 from the World Wide Web: HYPERLINK chinamobile.com/en/mainland/about/profile.htmlchinamobile.com/en/mainland/about/profile.html Freeberne, Michael. Physical and Social Geography (The Peoples Republic of China), in Europa World online. London, Routledge. University of Phoenix. Retrieved 20 March 2010 from HYPERLINK europaworld.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/external?url=europaworld.com/entry/cn.geeuropaworld.com/entry/cn.ge Hoening, J. (2007). Managing business risks. The Chinese Business Review. Retrieved on March 18, 2010 from chinabusinessreview.com/public/0611/hoenig.html Lehman Brown. (2005). China. Retrieved on March 18, 2010 from HYPERLINK lehmanbrown.com/faq.htm lehmanbrown.com/faq.htm Location, Climate, Language, Religion, Flag, Capital (The Peoples Republic of China), in Europa World online. London, Routledge. University of Phoenix. Retrieved 03 April 2010 from europaworld.com/entry/cn.is.2 Marshall, M. (2008). In a first, China removes profit repatriation tax for U.S. investor. Venture Beat. Retrieved on March 18, 2010 from http://venturebeat.com/2008/04/21/in-a-first-china-removes-profit-repatriation-tax-for-us-investor/ ROUTLEDGE TAYLOR AND FRANCIS GROUP.  (2010).  Europa World Plus.  Retrieved from europaworld.com.ezproxy.apollolibrary.com/entry/cn.is.97 Tan, Andrew T.  H.. The Security Challenges of East and South-East Asia, in Europa World online. London, Routledge. University of Phoenix. Retrieved 04 April 2010 from europaworld.com/entry/fea.essay.13 U.S. Bank (2010). Retrieved on April 1, 2010 from usbank.com/cgi_w/cfm/small_business/products_and_services/intl_banking/intl_banking_ps.cfm Worldwide Tax. (2009). Double Taxation Agreements List. Retrieved April 2, 2010 from worldwide-tax.com/china/chi_double.asp GLOBAL BUSINESS PLAN PAGE \* Arabic 23 Running head: GLOBAL BUSINESS PLAN 1 GLOBAL BUSINESS PLAN 2 Blueberry Inc Headquarters Seattle Washington U.S Product Group China Product Group International Product Group Sales and Marketing Research and Development Production and Logistics Sales and Marketing Research and Development Production and Logistics Sales and Marketing Research and Development Production and Logistics Functional Unit Support (Frontline) Functional Unit Support (Frontline) Functional Unit Support (Frontline) Frontline Supervisors FS Unit Management FS Unit Management Regional Management-Executive Regional Management-Executive Research Papers on Blueberry Incorporated - Global Business PlanAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaDefinition of Export QuotasTwilight of the UAWOpen Architechture a white paperThe Project Managment Office SystemPETSTEL analysis of IndiaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalNever Been Kicked Out of a Place This NiceThe Effects of Illegal Immigration

Overview Kohler, Co Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Overview Kohler, Co - Essay Example At this point, it may be worthwhile mentioning the difference between a public company and a privately held corporation. The initial difference between the two is that a privately held company is owned by its founders or a group of private investors, but a public company is partially owned by its shareholders. From a financial standpoint, the difference between the two types of companies is that a public company can gain additional capital by selling stock to the public, but a private company does not have this option, so any capital that it needs will have to be obtained from private funding. This private funding can mean that capital for the privately held organizations will be more expensive. This initial extra cost could be a tax advantage to the private company. However, if money is needed quickly and cheaply a privately held company will find itself at a disadvantage. The manufacturer operates in a fairly competitive environment. It competes against other large corporations, su ch as American Standard, Masco and Cummings Engine. The biggest difference between Kohler and its competitors is the manner in which Kohler has chosen to diversify its operations. Kohler has diversified outside of the plumbing, engine and generator industry by investing in the furniture and luxury resort business. This type of diversification usually proves difficult for most organizations. For this reason, Kohler's competitors have managed to successfully diversify into similar or related industries. Kohler began as a family owned business and has, for the most part, retained that status today. Although the company generated approximately two million dollars in sales in the year 2000, it also remains a privately held corporation. The Kohler executive staff operates under the premise that as a privately held company, they are able to remain more competitive as less information about new products and services will not be re-produced as quickly by competitors. The fact that the organization has remained private allows for it to operate without the scrutiny that governmental regulations would create for its financial decisions or structure. Kohler's structure also consists of a charitable organization called Kohler Foundation. This foundation was created almost entirely with Kohler stock. Since Kohler Foundation is a charitable organization, by law, it is required to pledge a portion of its assets to other charitable causes. Based on Kohler's records, this charitable contribution am ounts to five percent a year (2005). The company's decision to remain private has worked to its advantage with regards to its stock price. Those few shares that have made it outside of the family circle have become so coveted that the price skyrocketed to an unrealistic range of one hundred to one hundred and thirty-five thousand dollars. This is a stock price that most public trading companies would never even dream about. However, for a company with a senior management team that wants to remain privately held and does not want to strike the interest of government officials, this is a problem that has to be addressed immediately. Not only does such stock prices cause unwanted attention to the company, but the company executives are afraid that such prices will cause the company to loose even a

Child Care Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Child Care - Research Paper Example In such a way, understanding the importance of a manager’s role and the means by which he/she can impact upon the stakeholders in the workforce is an issue of the utmost importance if a further degree of utility is to be expected from a domestic workforce. Luckily, the past several years has noted a dramatic increase with respect to the overall level of scholarship with regards to this particular topic. Special attention has always been on the effect of culture on the interactions between employees and the employer (Adler and Zhu, 2005). Nevertheless, gaps remain on the reasons of the disparities as observed in the relationships between the employee and the employer. This research therefore undertakes an intensive review of the available literature concerning the topic and the finding from the other studies in explaining the motivation of diverse employees within the realm of child-care and/or early education. It is worth noting that manager of a diverse workforce also finds t heir task defined with regards offering training to the employees for the skills and expertise already acquired while previously working. High task readiness implies that the staff are well prepared to attend to tasks as assigned through acquired skills and knowledge while a low task readiness imply that they lack the necessary skills to handle the tasks assigned. It is the hope of this author that such a unit of analysis will be useful in helping the reader to come to a more profound understanding with regards to the approach, best practices, and motivational theories that should be engaged/utilized as a function of seeking to leverage further integration between functional expertise and work flexibility. Introduction One might be tempted to assume that the impact that a given manager may have with regards to the motivation of employees at the local level of education might be rather small. However, this is the opposite of what can be observed. Due to the fact that the cultural dis similarity, that is so oftentimes represented, is primarily impacted upon by the norms and mores of culture that are created as a process of maturity and development in a particular society; this has been deemed by many researchers, including this analysis, to be of the highest importance in helping to constrain and define the term. Although it is true that a host of factors impact upon the level and extent to which individuals within positions of leadership can interact with those under their purview, it is the factor of employee motivation that is of the most specific interest to this particular analysis. Moreover, due to the fact that the topic in and of itself is extraordinarily broad, the research will attempt to approach it from the perspective the way in which work flexibility and the appreciations surrounding diversity can be applied to the many different theories of motivation; theories that have thus far helped to define the way in which managers and leaders integrate with their respective stakeholders within any firm, organization, or institution. Literature review Most opinions are

Sir Arthur Conan-Doyle Essay Example for Free

Sir Arthur Conan-Doyle Essay This is a wonderful description, almost a photographic image for the reader, a description leaving a sense of, is this a man or a monster? This again adds to the already building tension for the reader, who continues to make his or her own deductions. We see almost immediately how brilliantly perceptive Sherlock Holmes is when he spots the mud on the Ms Stoners coat and the train ticket in her hand. From this he deduces that she must have set off early, travelling in a Dogcart for some time before she got to the station. He picks up on clues throughout the story, things that the everyday person would possibly miss. This again draws the reader in, they feel enlightened and start to study the story more carefully wanting to be more like the ingenious Holmes. The story continues and Holmes and Watson visit the home of Ms Stoner and her stepfather. They inspect the bedroom of the dead sister and Sherlock Holmes picks up on several odd effects that he relays to Watson. Firstly a fake bell pull, then a ventilator which does not ventilate. A saucer of milk in the stepfathers room, becomes suspicious when they are advised Doctor Roylott keeps no cats. Several other little clues are spotted and you can almost feel Holmes mind working overtime. The reader will also pick up on the clues and again start to make their own deductions to Whodunnit? The tension starts to peak when Holmes decides to stay the night with Watson in Ms Stoner sisters bedroom. They wait patiently in a near by inn till Holmes spots a tell tale light, a sign for him to make his move. Crossing the lawn the tension is building and the author cleverly startles the reader by his introduction of the Baboon, a detail that Holmes has overlooked until then. When out from a clump of laurel bushes there darted what seemed to be a hideous and distorted child, who threw itself on the grass with writhing limbs, and then ran swiftly across the lawn into the darkness. The fact that Doctor Roylott keeps these exotic animals is ultimately a very important clue. Once in the bedroom the tension is paramount as the two men sit and wait in the eerie darkness. Again the author startles the reader by the sudden fury of excitement when Holmes lights a match, blinding Watson and therefore the reader is momentarily struck by the unknown. Once Watson gains his vision he relays again the image of Holmes lashing out savagely,I could however, see that his face was filled with horror and loathing. What could be happening? The story ends with the conclusion, albeit a little abruptly, maybe even a little unbelievable and somewhat corny for the modern day reader. We discover that it is a snake owned by Doctor Roylott that has been trained by its master to crawl in to the adjacent bedroom and ultimately kills the sleeping victim. Unfortunately for Doctor Roylott, Holmes foiled his plan by scaring the creature, which in due course turned and killed its own master. This allows the reader to let out a great sigh of relief. The crime has been solved the tension has passed. The story albeit a little obvious and very basic, is also very cleverly written. The author succeeds in initially drawing the reader in and keeping their attention throughout. The story would have been extremely exciting and ground breaking in its day. Exotic animal were unheard of. The account is written in very descriptive but extremely long sentences, which is another clue to its age. Time has taken it toll and we as modern readers have been spoiled by the cleverness of the modern day detective novels. Therefore the ending is a little disappointing, no twists or red herrings except for the gypsies . But the story must be applauded, Conan-Doyle was one of the earliest authors of his kind to begin this clever technique of keeping his reader guessing throughout the book. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Conan Doyle section.

Analysis of an NGO: Doctors Without Borders Essay -- Medecins Sans Fro

Imagine an entire community of individuals, from doctors to massage therapists, that does not answer to any political entity or religion, yet still manages to collectively provide free healthcare services to millions of individuals in need every year. Medecins Sans Frontiers, or popularly known in the US as Doctors Without Borders, is an international NGO that does just that. The organization began in 1971 when a group of French doctors and journalists recognized the dire need for assistance in healthcare during times of war, famine, and flood in Nigeria and Pakistan. Since then, it has expanded and provides aid to over 60 countries in underserved regions across Central America, South America, Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia as well and developed a mission â€Å"to deliver emergency [medical] aid to people affected by armed conflict, epidemics, natural or man-made disasters, or exclusion from health care.†(www.msf.org) Because Medecins Sans Frontiers recruits such a diverse group of volunteers, they are able to address a broad spectrum of health issues. Not only do doctors of all specialties volunteer with the group, but nurses, paramedics, EMTs, dentists, dental technicians, dental hygienists, optometrists, opticians, audiologists, podiatrists, massage therapists, mental health professionals, epidemiologists, and logistics experts all join Medecins Sans Frontiers in their mission as well. In total, there are over 27,000 individuals around the world assisting those in need through Medecins Sans Frontiers any given day of the year. Physicians and other health professionals often offer treatment for diseases that are prevalent in tropical areas like chagas and malaria. Treatment for illnesses that are widespread in developin... ...y. One of their greatest achievements was their 1999 Nobel Peace Prize in the field of humanitarian work â€Å"in recognition of the organization’s pioneering humanitarian work on several continents.† (nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1999) Since then, Medecins Sans Frontiers has continued to expand the services they provide. Last year, they conducted 7.5 million outpatient consultations, delivered 110,000 newborns, treated 1.1 million for malaria, treated 200,000 malnourished children, provided 165,000 infected with HIV/AIDS with antiretroviral therapy, vaccinated 7.9 million against meningitis, and conducted 50,000 surgeries. Sources Cited www.msf.org http://charityreports.bbb.org/national/health/doctors-without-borders-usa-in-new-york-ny-783 http://www.ksghauser.harvard.edu/ http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1999/