Benefits of Globalization: Cemex Essay

1. What benefits have CEMEX and the other global competitors in cement derived from globalization? More broadly, how can cross-border activities add value in an industry as apparently localized as cement? (Question for Analysis) The oligopolistic nature of the cement business dictates the limited notion of business strategy, however CEMEX, one of very few cement producers found that through globalization, a variety of benefits can be obtained and utilized to their own. Expanding to the global market was a vision in which Zombrano (CEMEX former CEO) capitalized and was able to add value into the industry in a variety of different practices. CEMEX aggressively took the risk to expand their global exploits from the means of economic speculation during the 1980s-2000 period. Through globalization they were able to build an impressive portfolio and further benefit from each acquisition. More importantly as a homogenous product in cement, the building market during the 1980s and 90s was relevant and needed in developing countries with considerable growth opportunities. This is highlighted in their endeavors with the takeover of Valanciana and Sanson in Spain (1992). Spain, a part of the MEU (Monetary European Unio n) highlighted investment potential as currency rates along with risk premium were considerably low. The lower cost of capital in the merges posed further potential for funding elsewhere at affordable rates. Investments in any Country apart of the MEU could have been beneficial, however, CEMEX strategically pursued developing countries with potential for economic growth. A core benefit of their globalization practices indulged with reducing costs and increase plant efficiency to a much greater extent. Inducing their very own Mexican based best practice into the Spanish operation CEMEX recorded annual savings/benefits of $120million and increase in operating margins from 7% to 24%. Interestingly enough, their benefits didn’t reside only in increased revenue or market domination, but further constantly developed their repertoire by absorbing the comparative advantages in the different economies and markets. By tapping into the building industry in Spain, they discovered incredible efficiency in the energy program through the use of petroleum coke as the main fuel source. By 199 4, a vast majority of CEMEX plants changed to petroleum coke in the own energy program. CEMEX was able to recognize  globalization benefits in 1989 as Lorenzo decided hit the big market in US by exporting their products. Driven by profitability potentials, CEMEX originally dumped their cement products in the US market to win out their competitors however their products were issued a trade barrier formalized in countervailing duties of up to 51%. (Harvard excerpt). The next strategic move was to directly invest in the US market through FDI. CEMEX focused on avoiding traffic barriers and hefty transport costs thus acquired plants and facilities in Texas through FDI. This was the start to their cross border activities. The NAFTA (NORTH AMERICAN FREE TRADE AGREEMENT) reduced tariff costs and furthermore by placing plants ideally close to the demand of the market, they are also able save delivery time. By cutting export time customer satisfaction is increased, as a result, wherever CEMEX decides to operate, their robust company name and reputation becomes a valuable asset in building plants in ideal locations (next to limestone fields). As a result, through FDIs, subsidies, Mergers and Acquisitions, CEMEX were able to benefit from reduced tariffs when it came to exporting their products, and furthermore eliminated hefty transport costs. The elimination of trade barriers and transport costs would be carried out into all firms that CEMEX acquires. CEMEX’s globalization campaign highlights robust financial benefits and hubris within their management system. Through constant foreign investment, they needed to build a modest management system which could be self-developed and applied in all of CEMEX’s facilitations. CEMEX designed a core management system to implement in their new acquisition of firms. They implied the PMI (Project Management International) â€Å"CEMEX Way† which considered being a form of internal benchmarking, setting a core business practices which would be conducted throughout the locations CEMEX did business. By centralizing their management system, firm stations were able to discover talent across the borders and hired some of the most highly skilled and efficient professionals. CEMEX had a separate PMI team congested of highly trained managers specifically to train newly acquired firm managers. Managers, employees were granted a voice of opinion. Hierarchy issues diminished and all ideas were considered valuable. Employee efficiency, coherence, accessibility, collaboration, were the key behaviors of the PMI process. This created cohesion, decisions were sound, quicker and easier. CEMEX was also always open to develop their PMI process as they  would develop new technologies or advantages throughout merges with other firms. Cement as a homogenous product posed limits in enhancing performance however CEMEX clearly constitutes the principle of learning and continuous benefits through the punctuated PMI process in CEMEX Way.

One Size Fits All Essay

One size fits all is a term that we have all heard in our society. This cliche has been applied to clothing, wrist watches, necklaces and bike helmets. This universal fit concept is, unfortunately, the thinking behind most public education today. As we know, one size fits all is anything but. Just as people are physically built differently, we all have diverse learning styles and capabilities. Public high schools in the United States are also built around this idea. I believe that public high school promotes the aim of capitalistic goals, instead of promoting â€Å"Some believe that one remedy to unequal educational opportunities is choice. †(pg 298). I am an advocate for charter school education, though I was never able to attend one. I recognize that high school students have different interest and passions. In Creating Comprehensive High Schools, James Constant suggest special academic arrangements be made for highly gifted the that â€Å"these students are challenged not only by course work, but by the development of their special interest as well. (Pg 329) I feel every student should be afforded the opportunity to develop their interests, gifts and strengths in the public school setting. To just give this privilege that is paid for with public monies to certain students, instead of all, based upon the observation of teachers is unfair. Especially, in schools where students live with socio-economic issues that impact their education negatively. If a talented student has not eaten breakfast, how can he concentrate on class assignments to his best ability? If a student has not had great academic advantages and exposures, such as those found in elite prep schools, how can he attain the same study habits and principles? Should not these students be allowed to develop their special interests in order to have the best public educational high school experience? Charter schools give the benefit of specialized interest instruction, uses similar educational state standards with flexibility and is backed by public tax dollars. I believe this type of education involves more choice than the traditional public high school. Choice is a huge part of life and why should we deprive high school students with this right in their education, when they are expected to make healthy decisions on their own upon education. As a society, we need to start promoting more autonomy amongst high school students in their educational pursuits. Today’s educational system is not out to teach students how to think, but essentially what to think. Instead of preparing students for higher education or to be free-thinkers, I believe our educational system is set up to crank out workers. As workers, we are set up to graduate with minimum skills and go out into the world to get jobs, not professions. My high school experience was more like a prison, than preparing me to be a free-thinker in the real world. Our curriculum was mediocre at best, ensuring that we can read, write and follow basic instructions to coincide with the rudimentary math skills. I spent fifty minutes in one classroom on one subject six times a day. In the fifty minutes I spent in each class, 10 minutes of that was taken up with teachers attempting to take roll and focus the class on that day’s lesson. The learning objectives were rushed and we were not given sufficient time to apply any material covered in the classroom, especially in science courses. As soon as I would get mentally involved in the subject I was learning the bell would ring. I was then rushed like cattle off to another classroom with five minutes of travel time. The next teacher would begin attendance and the routine from the previous course would begin all over again. This was the educational cycle of my high school experience every day for four years of my life. I think the high school educational public system is set up as a cash crop such as the prison system or genetically engineered soy bean for that matter. Reason being is all the unnecessary information that the schools ask personally about your child. Such as race gender and economic status are not being . These particular categories are then contracted to survey and â€Å"research† companies which are owned or not-for-profit organizations which either in turn have contributed large sums of donations or sponsored their events such as Pfitzer. A high-end pharmaceutical company, who specializes in making psycho-stimulant drugs, that have not been FDA approved to experiment with our children if they do not meet the criteria for an evolving student in that type of educational system. This is a system that says your education is a one size fits all eve though the staff faculty and board members know that every child learns differently they also know that cultural differences have an influence on your child’s learning habits as well. Will they and have they decided to come up with a different type of curriculum to teach those with a different learning style then the masses.

Land Subsidence in Bangkok, Thailand

Land Subsidence in Bangkok, Thailand Specific Purpose: To carry my audience to hold that we must halt the remission in Bangkok by cut downing over-exploitation of groundwater, increasing the usage of surface H2O, and sing resettlement of the capital metropolis Thesis: In order to maintain our capital metropolis safe, we must understand the jobs and causes of the land remission, and take action to halt the remission. Organizational Form: Problem-cause-solutionIntroductionAttention GetterIf you have been experiencing a spot lower late, it is non merely your imaginativeness. In fact, Bangkok has been droping. Around 20 per centum of Bangkok had already sunk by about a metre over the past 30 old ages, said Srisuk ( 2006 ) , manager of the Groundwater Research Centre.Reason to listenThis is what is go oning in Bang Khun Thian territory of Bangkok. Panya Changcharoen ( 2008 ) from this territory said, â€Å"I’m non certain how long my household and I can populate here. We urgently need aid before we lose the whole territory to the sea.† The people in this territory lost their places, lands, and occupations as some countries submerged. If we do non halt the land remission in Bangkok, non merely Bang Khun Thian, but the whole metropolis will fall below sea degree.Credibility StatementA professor from Chulalongkorn University said that Bangkok is droping at twice the rate it was a decennary ago ( Trisirisattayawong, 2009 ) .A Dutch expert who has studied the state of affairs said, â€Å"In few decennaries, Bangkok may non be habitable† ( Haberman, 1983 ) .â€Å"More than 5 0 per centum of the sinking has been caused by the tapping of groundwater by industry, † said Dr. Sanitwong ( 2013 ) , manager of the Gio-Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency.Preview of Main PointsFirst, I will exemplify the dangers of the land remission in Bangkok.Second, I will discourse why this catastrophe is go oning to us.Finally, I will propose how we can get the better of this job.BodyThe jobBangkok, the capital metropolis of our state, is quickly droping.Even worse, the gait of land remission has been quickened ( Trisirisattayawong, 2009 ) .If this tendency continues, most of our capital metropolis will be in danger of falling below sea degree by century ‘s terminal ( Haberman, 1983 ) .Urban countries like Bangkok are vulnerable to set down remission, which is frequently destructive.Land remission can damage our substructures ( Tularam & A ; Krishna, 2009 ) . It can destruct our Rama bridges, our BTS, our MRT, our main roads, our railwaies, and ou r electric power lines.Land remission besides amendss underground pipes, increasing H2O depletion. This can make a vacuity in the aquifer, which could do a prostration of land ( Hasan, 2006 ) .Land remission can do monolithic inundations like 2011 because it increases inundation hazard ( Tularam & A ; Krishna, 2009 ) .Passage:In order to halt the land remission of our capital metropolis, we must foremost cognize what caused this catastrophe.CausesOur capital metropolis is droping chiefly because of inordinate groundwater pumping.The land remission rate is around 3 centimeter a twelvemonth in some topographic points in Bangkok due to over-extraction of groundwater ( Shaw, Srinivas, & A ; Sharma, 2009 )As we pump groundwater, the H2O that bears the dirt above is bit by bit removed, impacting the geologic construction. Hence, the land begins to lessen ( Tularam & A ; Krishna, 2009 ) .There is no appropriate pricing policy in pull outing groundwater beyond sustainable output degrees, an d hence there is over-exploitation of groundwater ( Suwal, n.d. ) . In Thailand, none of national bureaus is responsible for coordination groundwater resources ( Foster, 2008 ) .Overloading on the Soft Bangkok ClayBecause the soft Bangkok Clay is about 70 per centum saturated, it is really soft, weak, and compressible ( Bhattacharya, 2013 ) .The land remission in Bangkok has occurred because constructions were built without sing the bearing capacity of the soft Bangkok Clay.The weight of the land surface rises due to building of heavy edifices, ensuing in the compression of the clay bed ( Bhattacharya, 2013 ) .Passage:We now know that over-exploitation of groundwater and overloading on the soft clay have caused the land remission in our capital. Then now, we must larn to work out the jobs.SolutionWe need to cut down the rate of groundwater pumping.Groundwater in Thailand costs merely approximately 10 ticals per one three-dimensional metre ( Department of Groundwater Resources, n.d. ) .Higher monetary values for groundwater are necessary ( Bangkok State of the Environment, 2001 ) .We besides need to utilize groundwater and surface H2O conjunctively, or utilize more surface H2O if possible.Surface H2O intervention workss have a larger capacity. They are a batch more efficient in providing H2O to urban countries ( Mahmud, 2009 ) .Surface H2O intervention workss are located around the beginnings of surface H2O such as nearby rivers ( Mahmud, 2009 ) .If none of the solutions plants, we should in conclusion see relocating the capital metropolis as the last option.Some Thai environmental experts believe that traveling the whole capital metropolis to a higher land, for case one of the 16 northeasterly states, is the lone solution ( Kurlantzick, 2011 ) .Resettlement of the capital metropolis is dearly-won and time-consuming, but the safety of the new capital will convey benefit in the long-run ( â€Å"Capitals should, † 2012 ) .Decision: Think of your place. You grew up at that place, you have spent most of your clip at that place, you feel the safest at that place. However, will your sweet place be still there when you are at your 50? If the land remission in Bangkok can non be stopped, no 1 can guarantee that your house will be safe when you are old. Even though land remission has been a serious menace to our capital metropolis, our authorities has ignored this grave danger. We merely have few decennaries to undertake this job. Now is clip. We must maintain our eyes unfastened. We must press the authorities. We must salvage our places. Mentions Bangkok State of the Environment. ( 2001 ) . 5 Land remission.Regional Resource Centre for Asia and the Pacific.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.rrcap.ait.asia/pub/soe/bangkok_land.pdf Bhattacharya, K. A. ( 2013 ) . An analysis of land remission in Bangkok and Kolkata due to over-extraction of groundwater.EJGE.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ejge.com/2013/Ppr2013.163alr.pdf Capitals should be moved to Northeast, top scientist says. ( 2012, Feb 5 ) .The State.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nationmultimedia.com/national/Capital-should-be-moved-to-Northeast-top-scientist-30175186.html Department of Groundwater Resources. ( n.d. ) . retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.dgr.go.th/en/organize.htm Faculty of Geosciences at Utrecht University. ( 2010 ) . Rising sea degrees attributed to planetary groundwater extraction.Utrecht University.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.uu.nl/EN/Current/Pages/Wereldwijdonttrekkenvangrondwaterleidttotzeespiegelstijging.aspx Foster, S. ( 2008 ) . Siam: Strengthening capacity in groundwater resources direction.The World Bank.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.un-igrac.org/dynamics/modules/SFIL0100/view.php? fil_Id=178 Haberman, C. ( 1983 ) . Crowded Bangkok is droping under weight of its ain growing.The New York Times.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nytimes.com/1983/05/01/world/crowded-bangkok-is-sinking-under-weight-of-its-own-growth.html Hasan, F. K. ( 2006 ) . Water direction in Dhaka.International Journal of Water Resource Development, vol. 22 Kurlantzick, J. ( 2011 ) . Time to travel Bangkok? .Council on Foreign Relations.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //blogs.cfr.org/asia/2011/11/09/time-to-move-bangkok/ Mahmud, A. ( 2009 ) . Impact of urbanisation on land H2O.Research Project of Social Science 2008-9.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.academia.edu/8072864/ Impact-of-Urbanization-on-Ground-Water Sanitwong, A. ( 2013 ) . Thailand needs to move as Bangkok sinks faster.Deutsche Welle.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.dw.de/thailand-needs-to-act-as-bangkok-sinks-faster/a-16739739 Shaw, R. , Srinivas, H. , & A ; Sharma, A. ( 2009 ) .Urban hazard decrease: An Asiatic position.Wagon Lane, UK: Emerald Group Publishing Limited Srisuk, K. ( 2006 ) . Excessive groundwater usage â€Å"sinking Bangkok† .Department of Environmental Quality Promotion.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.deqp.go.th/index.php? option=com_content & A ; view=article & A ; id=14538:2006-02-17 & amp ; catid=7:2010-02-04-06-14-10 & A ; Itemid=43 & A ; lang=th Suwal, S. ( n.d. ) . Water in crisis – Thailand.The Water Project.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //thewaterproject.org/water-in-crisis-thailand Thai National Committee on Irrigation and Drainage. ( 2002 ) . General Information about Thailand.International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage.Retrieved from http www.icid.org/v_thailand.pdf Trisirisattayawong, I. ( 2009 ) . PS-inSAR measuring of land remission in Bangkok metropolitan country.Chulalongkorn University.Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.sv.eng.chula.ac.th/attachments/article/84/ACRS2009_InSAR_GEO2TECDI.pdf Tularam, G. A. , Krishna, M. ( 2009 ) . Long term effects of groundwater pumping in Australia: A reappraisal of impacts around the Earth.Journal of Applied Sciences in Environmental Sanitation,4( 2 ) , 151-166. Warr, P. ( 2005 ) . Thailand beyond the crisis. Routledge Curzon, New York: New york Water Environmental Partnership in Asia. State of H2O environmental issues: Thailand. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.wepa-db.net/policies/state/thailand/thailand.htm

The Tenth Amendment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Tenth Amendment - Research Paper Example Without the Tenth Amendment, the Federal Government can actually dictate all the states’ behavior and laws, and the Founding Fathers did not want a remote, strange power to rule them over from afar. As much as possible, they wanted to retain their local laws; the ones that they made specifically for themselves. However, after several years and loopholes, the idea of preserving the local laws against the powers of the federal government has changed. Many people want to secede the Tenth Amendment because the Federal Government is still on everyone’s lives even if the Tenth Amendment is still on effect. History of the Tenth Amendment To better understand the modern-day issue of the Tenth Amendment, one should look back at its roots and check out the reasons why it has been added in the Bill of Rights. One should remember that there was no United States before, only states (colonies) that were under the British Empire, and they rebelled together. These thirteen colonies gai ned their independence from the British Empire on July 2, 1776. Now as soon as they declared independence, these thirteen colonies immediately became sovereign states. ... It was Richard Henry Lee of Virginia who proposed to Congress on June 6, 1776 that â€Å"That a plan of confederation be prepared and transmitted to the respective Colonies for their consideration and approbation.† During the summer of 1777, the Congress studied the plan and the bill was ratified and formally adopted by Congress on November 1977. This was now known as the Articles of Confederation. With this article, each state had to choose whether or not it wants to be a part of the new Union or not. On March 1, 1781, Maryland was the last state to join the Union and has ratified the article. Thus, on that date, the thirteen states became one nation. The major reason why the people took so long to decide whether or not they want to become part of the Union was their fear of losing their local rights to a new government, which is now â€Å"national†. One must understand that they were just freed from an imperialist government, and they were tentative about forming a ne w one, for the fear making another tyrannical government that they will help create. Thus, they made an effort to control the powers of their new government. The Founding Fathers included this statement in the Articles of Confederation as the Article II: â€Å"Each state retains its sovereignty, freedom, and independence, and every power, jurisdiction, and right, which is not by this Confederation expressly delegated to the United States, in Congress assembled.† With this article, the Founding Fathers made it clear that they only wanted the Central Government to have limited power. However, this new form of government was so weak that it can’t even collect taxes that it eventually dissolved. In lieu of that, they made the Constitution of the United States. Like the Articles, the Constitution

Education of Professionals in the Light of the Changing Nature of Essay - 1

Education of Professionals in the Light of the Changing Nature of Professional Practice - Essay Example The concept of a profession is a developing one and is not stationary. So, the definition should not be static defining just a few people as professionals. The expansion in the definition should indeed be made considering the criteria like core values and knowledge which will be discussed later on in this essay. This expansion is important because people involved in newly emerging professions like packing and transporting are also considered as professionals (Downie, 1990) There is so much importance in the practice of professionals that the quality of a professional is dependent on the practice of how one exercises his or her duties following the ethical codes and must have sufficient concern for the society. For example, often the new technological developments by professionals are double-edged(Mike W..Martin, Roland Schinzinger, 2005). The advent of nuclear power has increased our power capability, but at the same time, it has posed atomic bomb threat. – briefly explain what you mean and try to give an example. This, in turn, can be managed by means of good training and education on ethical behavior and also attaining proper education should be viewed in all aspects and not just in attending courses or a mere qualification. Governments, politicians and social activists take an active part in improving the quality of professionals’ practice (Becher, 1993). On the other hand, there are also objections from some communities over their value to their society, the way in which their projects increase the value of the society. Some projects may degrade the society very much, for example, the nuclear tests. – such as?. So, the process of building such quality in educating professionals requires a careful analysis and the work should proceed from the grass root level so that a solid foundation is laid in professional ethics helping all through their career.

Sociocultural influences on conflict resolution and post-war Research Paper

Sociocultural influences on conflict resolution and post-war reconstruction - Research Paper Example A good example is the United States election and especially the 2008 elections that pitted president Obama against senator McCain2. The nation has found itself in a reconstruction program in both Afghanistan and Iraq in the aftermath of its anti-terrorism missions in the said countries. Elsewhere, there have been various peace-building projects, national building programs, political mediations and other post war and conflict reconstruction programs that are being undertaken by international bodies like the United Nations and other regional or supranational agencies. However, such efforts have not always been smooth and have been met with a lot of challenges both of logistical and ideological nature. The ever-changing global environment that has meant that the approach for conflict resolution and reconstruction has had to be varied has further compounded this situation. A major driver of this dynamism has been the constantly shifting international relations3 in what has been summed up by many scholars and foreign policy analysts as the â€Å"clash of civilizations†4. This paper will closely examine one of the major factors that has influenced post war and conflict reconstruction in the world today – socio cultural constructs. ... However, other nation building programs in the world shall also be mentioned for the purposes of providing a clearer picture of how socio cultural factors have been a major influence on post war reconstruction and conflict resolution. Most conflicts in the world have been down to the strategies that have been involved. By looking at the socio-cultural influences on nation building efforts, this paper will enable the appropriate formulation of strategies to tackle the dynamism in the global environment that has been largely pushed by this factor. With rising clamor for democracy among nations that were formerly communist in nature, there have been numerous conflicts that have come with such adjustments and this has sometimes led to intra and international tensions that have resulted into conflicts. The Afghanistan and Iraq conflicts These two countries have seen a lot of instability that dates back to a century with Afghanistan facing a larger share of this conflict. To begin, the U.S – Iraqi conflict dates back in the year 19905 when the country’s tyrannical forces led an invasion on its neighbor, Kuwait. The United States was at the forefront of resolving this conflict by demanding an immediate withdrawal of Iraqi troops from the Kuwaiti soil. President George H Bush decided to use military intervention after diplomatic efforts from the United Nations did not bear any fruit and this worked. Regardless of the intervention, internal conditions in the Saddam Hussein led state was worsening. There were concerns by the international community that the regime was oppressing the minority, developing both biological and mechanical weapons among other violations of human rights and

Reflection on learning Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reflection on learning - Essay Example It entails six steps of self evaluation practice for teaching and learning process that promotes personal and professional growth (Gibbs, 1988). The steps are: description of actions; feelings and thought while doing the job; evaluation of work done; analysis of work done; conclusion of the analysis; and action plan for improved and improvised outcome. The different steps are designed to provide an in-depth reflection on our actions that encourages us to look at our actions from the perspective of third person so that they (actions) could be evaluated and analyzed. The self analysis thus persuades one to improve and improvise our actions so that our performance outcome is improved, leading to professional growth with safe practice for oneself and others. This week’s work description, while working in a group of eight other colleagues was an intensely thought provoking because it helped me to evolve as a person and also provided the necessary learning experience for professional growth. Gibbs’ Cycle of Reflection greatly facilitated in self improvement when introspective practices were used to contemplate the work done during the week’s time. In one group meeting in the university, members paired up and completed a personality questionnaire - a group evaluation rubric, to assess oneself and each other. There were six categories for evaluation: contribution; attitude; focus on the task; working with others; monitor group effectiveness; and time management. While I chose 3,4,3,4,3 and 4 to assess my level of grade vis-Ã  -vis the categories, my partner asserted that I am more identified with 4,4,4,4,3 and 4. The ranking and grade were assigned as per the ability to identify, understand and adapt to the issues and situations in the ascending order with 5 denoting complete understanding and 1 representing understanding and identification of

Financial Accouting Theory coursework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial Accouting Theory coursework - Essay Example permits the accounting treat of investments in joint ventures in either of two methods, namely, the proportionate consolidation method or the equity method. It is matter of great controversy and discussion as which method is most suitable for venturer to recognize its joint venture interest in its financial statements. An effort has been made in this write up to suggest the most suitable method of accounting for the venturer. For applying proportionate consolidation method the consolidated financial statements of jointly controlled entity are used. The consolidated balance sheet of the venturer includes its share of assets that it controls jointly as well its share of liabilities for which it is jointly responsible. Similarly, the profit and loss account of the venturer includes its shares of income and expenses of the jointly controlled entity. First, Share in each asset, liability, income, and expenses of the venturer into the joint venture statements may be shown as separate line item under the asset, liability, income, and expenditure of similar nomenclature in the consolidated financial statements of the venturer, or the second, where the venturer may combine its share in each asset, liability, income, and expenditure into joint venture financial statement with asset, liability, income, and expenditure of similar nomenclature in the consolidated statements of venturer. Under equity method initially the investment into the joint venture is recoded at cost. The venturer will recognize its share of joint venture income as an increase in investment and a corresponding increase in the net income. Share of income or part of investments actually withdrawn or taken from joint venture business is not shown as income by the venturer in its statements. Instead those are reported as reduction in the joint venture investment account. Market values of the investments into the joint venture are not considered. The transactions are recorded at cost only. When an

Consider the bases for motivation for terrorism. Discuss with Essay

Consider the bases for motivation for terrorism. Discuss with reference to a range of illustrative groups and action to counter violent political radicalisation - Essay Example responding are leading to a re-evaluation of what is needed to alter the affiliations with these specific groups and the agendas that they are working to fulfill. The more that is understood and analyzed about the groups, as well as the counter – actions that are taken, the more likely that the correct responses can be taken to change the rebellion against political and social arenas. The definition of terrorism is one that has grown in current years. The explosion of terrorism as a cultural affiliation began after the World Trade Centers in 2001, which caused destruction to the United States buildings and created a strong cultural and political response from America. The particular attacks led to the new terrorism, and have led to a rise in the amount of terrorist groups that are spotted around the world, especially since the 1980s. There are several definitions and identity concepts that are affiliated with this. Terrorists are known to consist of either a fanatical religious group or one that holds a political agenda. Fanaticism, rather than political interest, is usually at the base of motivation for terrorism. However, non – traditional terrorism, which consists of political agendas that are intertwined with religion, as well as the responses from groups, is prevalent. The rules for groups have led into more destruction and chaos that is created as we ll as the belief that self – destruction is honorable when being a part of war and terrorism (Morgan, 7, 2004). There are several types of terrorism that are a part of different focus groups around the world. Each has specific agendas and initiatives that are related to politics and society, as well as the need to achieve specific goals in relation to philosophies held by the groups. The new terrorism, which has developed as a part of the 20th century, has created a different understanding and analysis of terrorist groups and their agendas. The main focus of new terrorism is one that is not

Discuss the characteristics of notoriety Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discuss the characteristics of notoriety - Essay Example stic husbands and wives make themselves famous in their circle (family, friends and relatives) with their acts of notoriety towards spouse and other family members. As mentioned before one of the forms of the notoriety is about being famous. One type of being famous is being known to society for one’s badness. Generally the anti social elements like murderers, killers generally prefer to be unknown for the fear of capital punishment. But the notorious persons in that category tend to be famous, though working from underground. They want to make the people know about the nature and the things they do. They convey the message of their cruelty with the barbarity in the incident they are involved. We read in News Papers about serial killers who kill only women after raping them. We know about the persons who kill persons just for the sake of satisfaction of their cruel thoughts. In these serial incidents one can observe that the killers follow a system which establishes their cruelty and notoriety. Another form of notoriety is regarding the terrorists and extremists. They pretend that they are fighting for a cause, which is for the benefit of people. In that mask they do barbaric activities filled with cruelty and notoriety. They torch the busses and trains with people. They blast the public property causing harm to common people. With these incidents they want to establish themselves for the cause they pretend to fight for. But there are number of peaceful ways without showing notoriety to fight for a benevolent cause. But they do not tend to choose them. This tells us about the notorious mentality imbibed by (in) them. Terrorists are notorious when compared to common man who tends to live peacefully. But one can see notorious terrorists also now a days. For eg: when we consider the 9/11 destruction of WTC towers in US, it can be termed as notorious out of notorious as it involved not only suicide but also homicide. These types of notorious activities are the

HRM Case study (giving HR advice) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

HRM Case study (giving HR advice) - Essay Example Elements of organizational structure Specialization Managers need to decide how much work is to be done by each employee. Less degree of specialization would mean one worker handling many tasks at a time. This works with small organizations. But with a large organization, tasks need to be divided into chunks and each chunk should be handled by the designated worker. This improves productivity which also gives total control on the task (O'Fallon & Rutherford, 2010). Departmentalization Forming departments as per different functions is a logical way to do things in a large organization. It is a practical solution in which two different functions cannot hinder each other as they have been separated by their respective departments (O'Fallon & Rutherford, 2010). Authority An important issue arising is of who is going to take how much authority in his hands. None of the organizations are completely centralized or decentralized. Managers must consider the experience and personality of the s ubordinates when deciding for the management style and strategy of the organization (O'Fallon & Rutherford, 2010). Span of control First and foremost, organizational structure of an organization should be determined. This will determine the nature of responsibilities and authority on each member of the organization. ... A narrow span of control would have fewer people to report directly to the manager. This would add more layers to management and hence communication would be slow between lower employees and top managers. A wide span of control would have more subordinates to report directly to the manager. There is a good flow of communication between its lower level employees and top managers. Few layers are involved in the structure (Thomas, 2011). It has been researched that a small span of management with a taller organization structure would be more expensive to run because of greater number of managers. It would also show communication problems. A wider span of control would is more recommended and proves to be useful in most environments. The reason is more employees report to managers directly which would increase employees’ motivation, morale and productivity (O'Fallon & Rutherford, 2010). Coordination of activities Even if there is departmentalization and specialization, there shoul d be coordination between its activities. Problems arise when there is lack of coordination of activities. There should be a link between the functions of two departments (O'Fallon & Rutherford, 2010). A Functional Organization Mr. John Brown needs to make his hotel a functional organization. A functional organization organizes itself along functional lines, with departments being grouped according to their specific functions. Each department is further sub-divided into further small departments. For instance, if there is Rooms Department in a hotel, it is further subdivided into other smaller departments such as laundry department. This way, specific tasks are performed by employees in a specific pattern and there are fewer chances of errors. A functional organization

In His Tragedies Shakespeare Often Presents Women Merely as the Tragic Victims of Men Essay Example for Free

In His Tragedies Shakespeare Often Presents Women Merely as the Tragic Victims of Men Essay In His Tragedies Shakespeare Often Presents Women Merely as the Tragic Victims of Men. To What Extent Do You Consider This Applies to Desdemona In Othello? There are no Antigones in Elizabethan Drama, Lyndsey Turner. Turner is here expressing the view that Shakespeare does not use his women as heroines. Instead she is of the opinion that they are used as devices on which the tragic impulses of the plays male characters are enacted. They are a device to produce a cathartic response from Shakespeares audience. In order to discuss to what extent Desdemona complies with this view, it would appear logical to define a tragic victim. Many say that a tragic victim is a character in a tragedy who suffers at the hand of circumstance and the fates. They suffer through no fault of their own and are brought down by others, they are totally powerless to change their fate and dont contribute to their own tragedy; they are solely the victims of others. It is also vital that they produce a cathartic response from the audience in order for their suffering to be tragic. Looking at these criteria it becomes clear why Shakespeare often uses women as his tragic victims. In the time Shakespeare was writing women had very little influence on their destiny having to submit either to their father or husband. They were the objects of men. When Iago warns Brabantio of his daughters escape he says Look to your house, your daughter and your bags. This shows of how little importance women were, being so powerless they would then be a natural choice for tragic victims, powerless to avoid their fate because of their weakness in society. However, when Desdemona is first presented to us she does not seem anything like a stereotypical woman of the time. Her character is presented as much stronger than that. Her father has not tried to force her into marriage even telling Roderigo that, My daughter is not for thee, even though it is clear that Roderigo is a rich man. At the end of Act one he goes to, sell all his land, in order to pursue Desdemona. As Brabantio is not therefore being in any way a tyrant to his daughter; her ability to escape from the house and deceive him shocks us and surely would have shocked a contemporary audience even more. This woman is not the kind of person you would expect to become a victim. Before the audience have even seen her she is described as a woman of, Beauty, wit and fortunes. She has gone to Othello in the dead of night protected by a, Knave of common hire, a gondolier. This shows Desdemonas bravery and strength. All of this increases her status with the audience and detracts from the image of a weak submissive woman. In Act 1 Scene 3 she defies what the Duke says, when he requests that she stay at her fathers house while Othello is in Cyprus saying that, She did love the Moor to live with him. For a woman to speak in front of a council of the most powerful people in Venice, not invited to do so, would be shocking to a contemporary audience and really show her strength of character. It is almost as though she is a feminine version of Othello, as Patsy Hall says, She cannot be the man, but she can be the husband of the man. She has shunned the Wealthy curled darlings of her nation unlike most women and instead chooses Othello. She doesnt care about his age or race she sees Othellos visage in his mind. The language Shakespeare gives her when talking of her wooing shows how deeply immersed in Othellos world she is; she, Falls in love with the battles even her language is strong. My downright violence and storm of fortunes, She is presented as incredibly strong certainly not a figure of pity. It is seemingly no wonder that Othello calls her, his fair warrior. Although Desdemona is first portrayed as quite a heroic figure by Shakespeare he soon starts to use her as a cathartic device, as the audience watch her previous strength fall away. It becomes clear that Shakespeare made her so strong willed deliberately in order to shape our response to Desdemona. Doing this makes it that much more painful for the audience. A major episode wherein Desdemona is presented as an object of pity is in the handkerchief episode. Desdemona loses her handkerchief and Othello sees Cassio with it. Despite Othellos growing suspicion, Desdemona remains ignorant claiming that, The sun where he was born drew all such humours from him. We feel tremendous pity for Desdemona when she says this because Shakespeare has shaped our response using structure and also the irony of her language. In the last scene we saw that Othello was seething with jealousy and vowed to kill her. This amplifies hugely our feeling of catharsis for her because we feel so helpless. Our pity for her is only added to when Shakespeare shapes events in the play so that all her qualities that were viewed as good in the first act of the play cause her to fall even further. However, she is still a victim because she is powerless to stop it; she is a victim of circumstance and ignorance that Iago has been planning her destruction. She continues to mention Cassio even when it is clear it is causing Othello irritance, she thinks that it is a trick to put her from her suit. The audiences feeling of catharsis is amplified as we can do nothing while her language puts her fidelity in more doubt in Othellos mind The time when we pity her most however is when Othello strikes her. Again she says precisely the wrong things, through no fault of her own but rather because her loving nature wishes to help Cassio, saying that, She would do much for the love she bears to Cassio. All the audience can do is sit and despair for her. When he hits her we think that maybe her strength will come back but she simply responds by saying that she, Will not stay to offend Othello. We despair because we know that if she submits to Othello she will die at his hands. This is yet more evidence of Desdemonas good proving to be her downfall. Shakespeare shapes events very cleverly in the next section in order to get the largest cathartic reaction. For a moment it seems like we might see a glimpse of Desdemonas fight. She claims, She has no Lord. The audience think for a moment she will be fine, however soon she is asking Iago, What shall I do to win my Lord again. The assertive Desdemona from the earlier scenes is gone and the audience despair for her. Even when Othello kills her she does not blame him. When asked who has killed her she says, Nobody, I myself. She dies a symbol of goodness and love, the way Shakespeare shapes her demise is unquestionably tragic. However, is she actually a victim? The audience on the most part at the time would say she is because she does not fall through a flaw in her character. However was she totally helpless and unable to change her fate? Patsy Hall argues that Othello and Desdemona have a, Mutual ignorance of each others nature, saying also that she is, so selflessly devoted that she cannot acknowledge imperfection in her husband. I would agree with this statement by Hall. The audience are constantly perplexed throughout the play as to why Othello will not listen to anyone but Iago. This could be perhaps a comment on how women have had to suffer under the patriarchal society in which Shakespeares original audience was living, perhaps through Desdemona he is trying to show the unfair nature of their society. But in many ways the same is true for Desdemona. Emilia tries to tell her that, Jealous souls are not ever jealous for the cause, but jealous for they are jealous. But even after this warning Desdemona takes no heed of anyone but Iago, therefore it could just perhaps be confirmation of Iagos intelligence, this backs up Desdemonas role as a victim as she is a victim of others. So in conclusion there is no doubt that Desdemonas demise is very much tragic. Also having examined the criteria it would be accurate to say that in many ways Desdemona is a victim. She suffers through no fault of her own and is the victim of circumstance. However, I am not sure that one could say that she was totally powerless to stop her eventual fate. I would say that Desdemona was not a victim of Iagos scheming or Othellos jealousy as she could have stopped these. She was a victim of her own love for Othello. Therefore, I would say that the statement in the title applies to Desdemona so far as she was the tragic victim of her own love for a man.

Relationships Between Vision Mission And Objectives Commerce Essay

Relationships Between Vision Mission And Objectives Commerce Essay From the vision and mission of Shangri-La Hotel, we know that Robert Kuok was concerned about the customers. He would like to delight each customer for every time the customer visit the Shangri-La Hotel. From the mission statement, Shangri-La Hotel is trying to make the entire customer feel happy and satisfy. However, Robert Kuok also knows that besides the customer, employees, shareholder or business partner also important. This point we can see from the vision statement where Robert Kuok is mention it. He also cares about the employees because he hopes that all the employees can show the perfect work performance. Since the Shangri-La provided a service to customer and without a good work performance, the customers were not satisfied. This reason might cause a bad image. As a result, there will be less and less customers come to Shangri-La Hotel. Without good employees, an organization is hard to have any improvement or changes. Therefore, Robert Kuok was concerned this problem and would like to avoid it happen. As a result, Shangri-La hotel is provide the best service to the customers and the employees were provide the best work performance all the time moreover Shangri-La Hotel could achieve their objective easily. When Shangri-La Hotel is maintain the vision this can help them to achieve their mission. This is because good employees can ensure that the way to delight each customers for every time they visit. Vision is more like a tool to ensure that the mission and objective is being achieved. There are relationship between vision, mission and objective. Task 2 (Loc 1: Ac 2) Considering the benefits to stakeholders is an integral part of the companys existence. Briefly explain the importance of stakeholder analysis to (SKL). 2.0 Definition of stakeholder Stakeholder can be defined as person, group or organization that has direct or indirect stake in an organization because it can affect or be an affected by the organizations actions, objectives and policies. Key stakeholders in a business organization include creditors, customers, directors, employees, government (and its agencies), owners (shareholder), suppliers, unions, and the community from which the business draws its resources. Although stake-holding is usually self-legitimizing, all stakeholders are not equal and different stakeholders are entitled to different considerations. Stakeholder can defined as a party with an interest in an organisation, e.g. employees, customers, suppliers or the local community. This is due to the effect that the organisations activities will have on them, although they are a third party in that they are outside of the organisation. It can also be used to describe people who will be affected by a project, or who can influence it, but who are not directly involved in doing the work. Stakeholders are an integral part of a project. They are the end-users or clients, the people from whom requirements will be drawn, the people who will influence the design and, ultimately, the people who will reap the benefits of your completed project. It is extremely important to involve stakeholders in all phases of your project for two reasons: Firstly, experience shows that their involvement in the project significantly increases your chances of success by building in a self-correcting feedback loop; secondly, involving them in your project builds confidence in your product and will greatly ease its acceptance in your target audience. There are different types of stakeholders and each type should be handled differently. 2.1 Definition of stakeholder analysis The definition of stakeholder analysis is means managerial step taken to identify each stakeholders level of interest or involvement in a given project and how that involvement can influence the project. Based on this analysis, project managers may alter how a project will be executed or decide the necessary steps that must be taken in order to limit a stakeholders influence over the project. The first step in stakeholder analysis is identifying major stakeholder groups. The groups of stakeholder who will be affected either direct or indirect by or have an effect on the firms strategy and its execution can run the scope from employees to customers. In Shangri-La Hotel, director, business partner and investor is playing an important characteristic because their decisions can affect the whole organization performance. They are very influence stakeholder for Shangri-La Hotel. For example, if one of the employees is not performing well it is not affect the Shangri-La Hotel much but if an investor is stop invest in Shangri-La Hotel or director is making a small mistake of making a decision. This might direct influence the Shangri-La Hotel if the problem is serious. 2.2 The importance of stakeholder Why are the stakeholders such important to Shangri-La Hotel? As we all know that, customer, supplier, worker is part of the stakeholders of Shangri-La Hotel. Below are shown explanation about the importance of stakeholder. 2.2.1 Customer Customers are important to Shangri-La Hotel this is because if the customers of Shangri-La Hotel is feel satisfy with the service that provided by the Hotel it means that, the customer will automatically become the promotion of the hotel. Robert Kuok knows that customers satisfaction is one of the main reasons that he could get for more customers. Customer was part of tool to help the Shangri-La Hotel promote; in the other word, when the customer feel satisfy with the Hotel they will mention to their friends and family. This kind of mouth-to-mouth promote is much better than an advertisement thus, it doesnt use any cost. There will generate more new customers within this kind of promotion and at the same time royal customers will exist too. 2.2.2 Supplier Supplier was one of the stakeholders which can influence the Shangri-La Hotel. Why is supplier important to Shangri-La Hotel? Is can be explain as Shangri-La Hotel is provided services which means the quality of raw material which supply by the supplier is important and must high quality so that Shangri-La Hotel is provided a good quality services to customers. However, the supplier should deliver the raw material in time so that the Shangri-La Hotel had enough time to produce. Shangri-La Hotel is included provide food in restaurant and service of hotel. Hotel is a place that needs to renew all the stuff inside the room everyday example, towel, mattress, shampoo, and so on. This all material is needed every day by the hotel in other to provide a good service to the customer. Moreover, the restaurant also needs a good supplier to supply fresh food to the hotel. Without a fresh food, the restaurant cant provide a good quality food to the customer. As a result, supplier is important to Shangri-La Hotel and without a good supplier it can direct effect or influence the performance of Shangri-La Hotel. 2.2.3 Workers The last part is Workers. As all know that, workers in an organization are playing an important characteristic which is help the organization to move forward and achieve the goal. So as Shangri-La Hotel, workers are important because if an organization is without any workers, the organization is considered as not functioning. The ability of the workers also can influence the performance of the Shangri-La hotel because the good workers will help the organization to achieve the objective or goals. However, there are not all workers is perform well in their work. This kind of workers should give some advised and hope they will change through the counselling. A good worker is influence the performance of Shangri-La Hotel. 2.3 Mapping of Stakeholder Stakeholder Oppose Neutral Support Supplier XX Customer X X Worker X X Task 3 (Loc 1: Ac 3) Identify and briefly the terms organizational audit and environmental audit. Select two internal and two external factors to SKL. Explain how you would conduct an audit for these. 3.0 Definition of audit The audit is means by which a company can understand how it relates to the environment in which it operates. It is the means by which a company can identify its own strengths and weaknesses as they relate to external opportunities and threats. It is thus a way of helping management to select a position in that environment based on known factors. (McDonald, 1989, p21) 3.1 Organizational Audit Organizational Audit was also known as internal audit. Internal audit get information from management, marketing, financial/accounting, production/operations, research development, and management information systems. I am going to explain about two internal audit factors to Shangri-La Hotel. First, I would like to explain about management. In Shangri-La Hotel, management is one of the tools to manage the whole organization move forward. Besides that, management function consists of planning, organizing, motivation, controlling and also leading. This all element is very important to for a manager to manage the organization. Example, Shangri-La Hotel chairman, Edward Kuok Khoon Loong should know well about the element of management so that the workers will be more effective and efficient. Furthermore, the second internal factors need to be explain is marketing which also playing an important role for the Shangri-La Hotel. Without a good marketing department, Shangri-La Hotel cant organize with properly and this will influence the performance. A marketing department of Shangri-La Hotel is needed to plan for more promotion or advertisement about the hotel so that there are more people know about the hotel. Besides that, the hotel needed to implement about the marketing strategies so they can maintain in a high level of performance. 3.2 Environmental Audit Environmental audit was also known as external audit. In external audit I am choosing two external factors to Shangri-La Hotel. The first external audit is supplier. Supplier is able to audit an organization because an organization is needs the supplier to supply the ingredient, material or product needed by particular organization. Example, Shangri-La Hotels supplier was make a mistake on supply wrong material or wrong amount this will direct effected the performance of the day. However, Shangri-La Hotel has to be careful in choosing a good supplier. First of all, they have to identify the supplier after that evaluate about the supplier next is deciding to choose which supplier. As a result, good supplier is making a profit to an organization. The second external audit is government where playing an important role too; this is because government is able to control the Shangri-La Hotel before they want to make any event or planning. Example, Shangri-La Hotel had to apply and get the license on the business first before they start any planning or construction. Moreover, government will have to check the Shangri-La Hotels operation make sure that there is no illegal thing happen. The government is the way prevents the illegal thing happen. Besides that, when the government had to make any meeting or any event with other country they could choose Shangri-La Hotel as the place to operate the entire event. As the result, government is a good external audit to Shangri-La Hotel. Task 4 (Loc 1: Ac 4) Select and explain two strategic positioning techniques that you would propose to SKL. 4. 0 Definition of positioning Positioning is refer to the development of a distinct image for the product or service in the mind of the consumer, an image that will differentiate the offering from competing ones and squarely communicate to the target audience that the particular product or service will fulfill their needs better than competing brands. (Leon G S. and Leslie L.K 2007, pg 7) 4.1 Strategies Positioning There are few strategic of positioning which consists of product, service, location and image and I would like to explain two type strategic of positioning which is service and location. 4.1.1 Service Shangri-La Hotel desires to develop a distinct image for the service in the mind of customers. The first step is Shangri-La Hotel should determine about the service quality of the hotel, thus hotel image is good and the customer will come back again. Other than that, Shangri-La Hotel also need to provide a good service in all concept which included helping the customers take luggage to the room, when customer is calling for customer service Shangri-La Hotel should fulfill all the demand required from the customers. In the other word the positioning can be improve by more value for more price. 4.1.2 Location Location of Shangri-La Hotel is a good strategic place for business. From the map we can see that there is much other company such as shopping mall, kl tower, and big company and so on. With this strategy place, Shangri-La Hotel will easy to get more customers because if the tourist come to Malaysia they will choose Shangri-La Hotel since this hotel is near to go everywhere. Moreover, the workers of the other company will come to Shangri-La hotel to having a breakfast, lunch, tea time, or dinner because Shangri-La Hotel is provide restaurant. Other than that, if the client of the other company which is near to Shangri-La Hotel where they come from other country, they will choose to stay at Shangri-La Hotel. It is because the location is near the company and its providing a high quality service. Task 5 (Loc 2: Ac 1) Design and explain the steps in strategies planning process. Please use diagrams if necessary. 5.0 Steps strategies planning process VISION AND MISSION I FORMULATION FORMULATION LONG TERM OBJECTIVE GENERATE, EVALUATE, SELECT STRATEGIES IMPLEMENT STRATEGIES MANAGEMENT ISSUES II IMPLEMENTATION IMPLEMENT STRATEGIES MARKETING, FINENCE, ACCOUNT, R D, CIS III EVALUATION MEASURE EVALUATE PERFORMANCE. 5.1 Explanation of strategies planning process Step 1- Vision and Mission The mission statement describes the companys business vision which including the unchanging values and purpose of the firm and forward-looking visionary goals that guide the pursuit of future opportunities. The company guided by the business vision, the firms leaders can define measurable financial and strategic objectives. Financial objectives involve measures such as sales targets and earnings growth. Strategic objectives are related to the firms business position, and may include measures such as market share and reputation.Step 2- Formulation Long Term Objective Performance goals of an organization, intended to be achieved over a period of five years or more. Long-term objectives usually include specific improvements in the organizations competitive position, technology leadership, profitability, return on investment, employee relations and productivity, and corporate image. Step 3- Generate, Evaluate, select Strategies. In this step may apply to develop some important key which potential strategies to deal with the organizations objectives. Other than that, in this step also need to evaluate some potential strategies. The last part is to select the some potential strategies and every one of them is important. Step 4 Implement strategies management issues There are numerous company was failed to realize its complete potential of its strategies was due to some weak implementation. In this step the company have to implement the potential strategies to develop. Step 5- Implement Strategies Marketing, Finance, Account, RD, CIS Very often, management team assigned selected strategies to key personnel and left it to the individual to carry out the task. Step 6- Measure Evaluate Performance The last step is the motive of accomplishment factors for an efficient strategy operation is constant review of its development and needs to makes decision for any difference to plan.

History Of Taj Hotel Tourism Essay

History Of Taj Hotel Tourism Essay The Company was incorporated in 1902 and it opened its first hotel, The Taj Mahal Palace Tower, Mumbai, in 1903. The Company then undertook major expansion of The Taj Mahal Palace Tower, Mumbai by constructing an adjacent tower block and increasing the number of rooms from 225 to 565 rooms. From the 1970s to the present day, the Taj Group has played an important role in launching several of Indias key tourist destinations, working in close association with the Indian Government. The Taj Group has a philosophy of service excellence which entails providing consistently high levels of personalized service and innovative means of improving service quality. The Taj Group has been active in converting former royal palaces in India into world class luxury hotels such as the Taj Lake Palace in Udaipur, the Rambagh Palace in Jaipur and Umaid Bhawan Palace in Jodhpur. In 1974, the Taj Group opened Indias first international five star deluxe beach resort, the Fort Aguada Beach Resort in Goa. In 1980, the Taj Group took its first step internationally by opening its first hotel outside India In 1984, the Taj Group acquired under a license agreement each of The Taj West End, Bangalore. During the 1990s, the Taj Group continued to expand its geographic and market coverage in India. In 2000, the launch of the 56 acre Taj Exotica, Goa and the Taj Hari Mahal in Jodhpur were completed. In 2003, the Company celebrated the centenary of the opening of its Flagship hotel, the Taj Mahal Palace Tower, Mumbai. In 2005 the Company acquired on lease The Pierre, a renowned hotel in New York City, to enter the luxury end of the developed hotel markets internationally . Introduction Of Taj Hotel The Indian Hotels Company Limited (IHCL) and its subsidiaries are collectively known as Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces and is recognised as one of Asias largest and finest hotel company. Incorporated by the founder of the Tata Group, Mr. Jamsetji N. Tata, the company opened its first property, The Taj Mahal Palace Hotel, Bombay in 1903. The Taj, a symbol of Indian hospitality, completed its centenary year in 2003. Taj Hotels Resort and Palaces comprises more than 60 hotels in 45 locations across India with an additional 15 international hotels in the Malaysia, United Kingdom, United States of America, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Africa, the Middle East and Australia. Spanning the length and breadth of the country, gracing important industrial towns and cities, beaches, hill stations, historical and pilgrim centres and wildlife destinations, each Taj hotel offers the luxury of service, the apogee of Indian hospitality, vantage locations, modern amenities and business facilities. Service Segmentation By Taj Hotel IHCL operate in the luxury, premium, mid-market and value segments of the market through the following: Taj (luxury full-service hotels, resorts and palaces) is our flagship brand for the worlds most discerning travelers seeking authentic experiences given that luxury is a way of life to which they are accustomed. Spanning world-renowned landmarks, modern business hotels, idyllic beach resorts, authentic Rajput palaces and rustic safari lodges, each Taj hotel reinterprets the tradition of hospitality in a refreshingly modern way to create unique experiences and lifelong memories. Taj also encompasses a unique set of iconic properties rooted in history and tradition that deliver truly unforgettable experiences Taj Exotica is our resort and spa brand found in the most exotic and relaxing locales of the world. The properties are defined by the privacy and intimacy they provide. The hotels are clearly differentiated by their product philosophy and service design. They are centered around high end accommodation, intimacy and an environment that allows its guest unrivalled comfort and privacy. Taj Safaris are wildlife lodges that allow travelers to experience the unparalleled beauty of the Indian jungle amidst luxurious surroundings. They offer Indias first and only wildlife luxury lodge circuit. Taj Safaris provide guests with the ultimate, interpretive, wild life experience based on a proven sustainable ecotourism model. Upper Upscale Hotels (full-service hotels and resorts) provide a new generation of travelers a contemporary and creative hospitality experience that matches their work-hard play-hard lifestyles. Stylish interiors, innovative cuisine, hip bars, and a focus on technology set these properties apart. The Gateway Hotel (upscale/mid-market full service hotels and resorts) is a pan-India network of hotels and resorts that offers business and leisure travelers a hotel designed, keeping the modern nomad in mind. At the Gateway Hotel, we believe in keeping things simple. This is why, our hotels are divided into 7 simple zones- Stay, Hangout, Meet, Work, Workout, Unwind and Explore. Ginger (economy hotels) is IHCLs revolutionary concept in hospitality for the value segment. Intelligently designed facilities, consistency and affordability are hallmarks of this brand targeted at travelers who value simplicity and self-service. Taj Hotels also promise a whole new experience of tranquillity and total wellness, through Jiva Spas a unique concept, which brings together the wisdom and heritage of the Asian and Indian Philosophy of Wellness and Well-being. Rooted in ancient Indian healing knowledge, Jiva Spas derive inspiration and spirit from the holistic concept of living. There is a rich basket of fresh and unique experiences under the Jiva Spa umbrella of offering, Yoga and Meditation, mastered and disseminated by accomplished practitioners, authentic Ayurveda, and unique Taj signature treatments. Royal traditions of wellness in service experiences, holistic treatments involving body therapies, enlivening and meaningful rituals and ceremonies and unique natural products blended by hand, come together to offer a truly calming experience. Taj Air, a luxury private jet operation with state-of-the-art Falcon 2000 aircrafts designed by Dassault Aviation, France; and Taj Yachts, two 3-bedroom luxury yachts which can be used by guests in Mumbai and Kochi, in Kerala. Taj Sats Air Catering Ltd., the largest airline catering service in South Asia, as a joint venture with Singapore Airport Terminal Services, a subsidiary of Singapore Airlines. CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY AND SOCIAL RESPONSBILITY As a part of Tatas; Indias premier business house; we; at Taj Hotels, have always believed in society and environment being integral stakeholders in our business along with our shareholders, customers, vendors and others. We promote corporate citizenship through our strategic public-private partnerships which encourage building livelihoods of less-advantaged youth and women. The causes we promote include reducing malnutrition, promoting indigenous artisans and craftsmen and enhancing employability of identified target groups by sharing our core competencies as a leading hospitality company. We encourage training and development of differently able youth. We at Taj have the unique scope and opportunity to develop raw potential into a skilled workforce that is immediately employable by various players in the industry. A majority of our community projects are focused around extending our key strengths in food production, kitchen management, housekeeping, customer service and spas to promote economic empowerment of candidates from vulnerable socio-economic backgrounds. We are fully committed to the cause of building a sustainable environment by reducing the impact of our daily operations on the environment and improving operational efficiencies, resource conservation, reuse and recycling of key resources. Vision The Taj Group of Hotels commits itself to the overall improvement of the ecological environment, which we are all a part of. We recognize that we are not owners but caretakers of the Planet and owe it to our children and future generations of humankind. It is our endeavour not only to conserve and protect but also to renew and regenerate the environment in which we live and operate.Our commitment encompasses all actions related to our products, services, associates, partners, vendors and communities.We will partner and engage with our environment through EARTH: Environmental Awareness and Renewal at Taj Hotels. For us EARTH is not a program, nor a process; it is a way of life. EARTH( Enviornment Activities) In an endeavour to reinstate its vision and efforts to boost sustainable tourism, Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces presented EARTH (Environment Awareness Renewal at Taj Hotels) this year. Implementing schemes such as the Gangroti Glacier Clean-Up Expedition, as well as designated Earth rooms, which minimise environmental impact, Taj is one of Asias largest group of hotels to commit to energy conservation and environmental management. EARTH has received certification from Green Globe, the only worldwide environmental certification program for travel and tourism. The Taj began a century ago with a single landmark The Taj Mahal Palace Hotel, Mumbai. Today, the various Taj hotels, in all their variety and historical richness, are recognised internationally as the symbols of true Indian hospitality. The Companys history is integral to Indias emergence into the global business and leisure travel community; and looking to the future, Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces is well positioned to meet the increase in travel activity with the rapid expansion of the Indian economy. Taj Hotels has joined the internationally-recognised Green Globe benchmarking and certification system as an extension of its existing environmental policies. Taj Hotels has long recognised that as a leader it has an important contribution to make and a responsibility to demonstrate to others how they can be part of the fight against climate change. Corporate Governance Taj has been practicing good Corporate Governance even before Securities Exchange Board of India (SEBI) made it a mandatory requirement from 2001. Out of more than 5000 companies listed with the Bombay Stock Exchange the Company is categorized as an A Group Company which group comprises only 200 companies and the criteria for selection is based on Market Capitalisation, Liquidity, Industry Representation, Listed History and track record of Compliance. Being a TATA group Company, the Company goes beyond the mandatory requirements of Corporate Governance and conducts business in a fair and transparent manner. It maintains good investor relationships and endeavors to deliver to investor consistent quality services. Customer facilities Taj Hotel Exotica Resort Spa Maldives, is an exclusive, private and romantic island resort lush with tropical plants and encircled by clear blue waters of one of the largest lagoons of the Maldives. Taj Hotel Exotica Resort Spa Maldives spreads idyllically along a pristine beach and the serene lagoon. The award-winning resort, now re-launched, seamlessly extends the magic of the islands blessed natural beauty in its design even as it offers the finest contemporary luxuries and services. Taj Hotel Exotica Resort Spa Maldives offers 59 Rooms and 3 Suites. All the rooms are completely refurbished and redesigned. 90% of the accommodation is built over water and 10% is on the beach front. The rooms offer infinite views of the Indian Ocean. Taj Spa, an authentic Indian spa, offers a range of signature wellness experiences. A choice of gourmet cuisine, water sports, and recreation make for a complete and exclusive destination. Room Facilities Air Conditioned Satellite Television International Direct Dial Telephone Private Bathroom Hairdryers Mini Bar Safe Deposit Box 24 Hour Room Service Coffee/Tea Making Fac High Speed Internet Access Coffee/Tea Making Facilities Hotel Facilities Travel Desk Doctor On Call Laundry Service Concierge Desk Luggage Storage 24 Hour Front Desk Postal/Parcel Service Currency Exchange Counter Baby Sitting Service(On Request) Airport Shuttle Service(On Request) Dining Entertainment 24 Degress Equator Bar In Villa Dining The Deep End Sports Leisure Spa Water Sports Fitness Centre Billiards/Snooker Tables Meeting Facilities Business Centre SWOT Analysis Strengths:- The group has enormous power and strengths, which ma kes it the best and competitive, some of them are: It consists of 57 properties in 40 locations across India and 18 international hotels. Its stylish variety of hotels like; Taj exotica, Taj safari, The gateway hotels, Ginger hotels, Jivas spa etc. Its effective and efficient management techniques and staff. Its brand name. The presence of Taj Hotels, Resorts and Palaces in various countries like United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Dubai, Singapore, Australia, Japan, Russia and the United States of America. Securing management contracts at Palm Island, Jumeirah in Dubai,Saraya Islands in Ras Al Khaimah, Aldar Group in Abu Dhabi, UAE Langkawi in Malaysia and Thimpu in Bhutan. The various initiatives taken like; rollout of CustomerFeedback System, Tata Business Excellence Model, IT initiatives, Ginger hotels etc. Weakness Taj hotels being such a big brand, has a lot of advantages but every big company faces some odds and so does Taj. Some of its weakness; Its hard to maintain such a huge chain of subsidiaries and there are more chances of mishaps in management. Its huge competitors like Oberoi, Leela, Oriental, ITC etc are also providing same facilities and thus it becomes a weakness for Taj hotels. Its very costly for the Indians to afford the tariffs and service charges set by Taj hotels. Thus, they loose a major part of their market share. They need a lot of investment. As Taj hotels is a popular group, it is always in the eyes of the terrorists, as taj has already faced such an incident. Therefore, it proves to be a weakness some times, to be so popular. Opportunities The Group is poised strategically to take advantage of the following situation: In the backdrop of a healthy economy having its positive fallouts on the Tourism Sector leading to rapid growth in markets in India, South Asia and key gateway cities in source-market destinations. Rapid expansion in both International and Domestic destinations, with top-of-the-line Luxury, Leisure and Business properties. Meeting growing demand in the budget and mid-market segments. Extending the product portfolio into related offerings viz. luxury residences, wildlife lodges and health spas. Threats The threats identified by the Group are related mainly to the markets in which the Group operates and general factors related to the tourism industry. Significant among these are: Cheaper international airfares, increasing affordability of travel to International destinations, especially South East Asia, Europe and Australia. Growing presence of international hospitality chains competing in the Luxury and Business segments, to meet excess demand situation. Appreciating Indian Rupee vis-à  -vis the US Dollar, resulting in lower realisation on foreign exchange earnings. Slowdown of international demand resulting in reduction of revenues. Future Strategies Urban Sanctuaries Luxury Weekends from the Taj City Escapes Island Escapes Rejuvenate with Jiva Christmas and New Year breaks Some more developments in progress are: TAJ opens its 5th hotel in Bangalore Taj Coromandel presents ANISE No Room for the Ordinary advertising campaign Taj Residency Bangalore unveils Jiva Spa Heritage Nature Walk At The Taj West End, Bangalore Bhairo,The Stunning New Rooftop Restaurant At Taj Lake Palace, Udaipur Intoxicating Bhutanese Bath At Taj Tashi, Thimphu, Bhutan Two More Taj Safari Lodges Will Open In 2009 Taj Values PEOPLE DIVERSITY, INTEGRITY RESPECT PASSION FOR EXCELLENCE EXCEED EXPECTATIONS INNOVATION SENSE OF URGENCY ACCOUNTABILITY SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY JOY AT WORK People are our greatest asset and the key to our success. We respect diversity of people, ideas, cultures and honor the value of individuals in a team. We believe in perfection to achieve excellence. We continuously improve processes to surpass global benchmarks. We succeed by exceeding expectations of all stakeholders and protecting the interest of our shareholders and playing by the rules. We encourage innovation, embrace change and support growth through knowledge and learning. We accept responsibility and deliver on promises with a sense of urgency and agility. We commit to improve the quality of life of the communities we serve and our concern for the environment by returning to society what we earn We recognize and respect each other in all interactions and set the example for our guests, business associates and colleagues. We encourage a fair environment that supports equal opportunity to attract, develop and retain the best talent and endeavor to have fun too. Taj Promises At the Taj Group, our commitment to service excellence is rooted in our two guiding principles called the Four Steps of Service and the Taj People Philosophy. One of our key priorities is to empower our people to deliver on our legacy of impeccable service. Four Steps of Service: 1. A warm and sincere welcome. Use the guest name, whenever possible. 2. Fulfill guest needs and provide anticipatory service. 3. Defect free products and services. 4. Fond farewell using the guest name, whenever possible. Taj People Philosophy The Taj People Philosophy displays our commitment to and belief in our people. We see Talent Management as the most important sustainable competitive advantage in the future. You are an important member of the Taj family. We endeavor to select, retain and compensate the best talent in the industry. We reward and recognize quality customer care based upon individual and team performance. We commit to providing you with opportunities for continuous learning and development. We abide by fair and just policies that ensure your well-being and that of your family, the community and the environment. We commit to regular and formal channels of communication, which nurture openness and transparency. We strongly believe that you are the Taj. Key Initiatives Ginger Hotels IHCL is in the process of rolling out its Smart Basics hotels, under the brand name Ginger. The first prototype has been launched in June 2004 in Bangalore, with roll out being planned in a number of cities and towns subsequently. These hotels will cater to the economy or value for moneysegment and being predominantly domestic clientele based, are far less prone to fluctuations than the luxury and upscale segments. In the long run, this segment will help in derisking the current revenue stream of the company. Brand Architecture IHCL is in the process of clearly defining the product and service standards in order to have consistency across properties under each brand. This will help in further enhancing the brand value of Taj. Product Upgradation IHCL continues to invest in renovation and relaunch of key / brand defining properties. In the last financial year IHCL upgraded rooms at the Taj Mahal Palace Tower, Mumbai and Taj West End, Bangalore The lobby and public areas of Taj Lake Palace, Udaipur and Rambagh Palace, Jaipur were also renovated to provide a luxurious sense of arrival. The Sea Lounge and Harbour Bar at Taj Mahal Palace Tower, Mumbai was relaunched, while a new Vietnamese restaurant Blue Ginger was opened in Taj West End, Bangalore The renovated products and the new outlets were very well received in the market. The renovated rooms at Taj Mahal Palace Tower, Mumbai and Taj West End, Bangalore have emerged as the price leaders in the respective cities. In the coming year IHCL intends to open a number of FB outlets by celebrity Chefs with international cuisine. In the upscale segment, the properties are being relaunched to be at par with international level upscale hotels. The rooms at Taj President, Mumbai, Ta j Residency, Bangalore, Jai Mahal Palace, Jaipur and Taj Holiday Village, Goa are being renovated and relaunched. Service Excellence In the last few years IHCL has undertaken a number of steps to significantly enhance service levels to be in line with the best in class. IHCL has constantly benchmarked itself with the key international luxury chains and strived to raise the bar. IHCLs service excellence philosophy, has at its core, delivery through our people, processes and culture. IHCL has taken a number of steps to provide highly personalized service to the discerning customer, including butler services in its luxury properties. In order to take care of the entire stay experience, IHCL has also completely revamped its Concierge services. The Centers of Excellence have been strengthened considerably to train staff to meet the exacting standards of a truly luxury hotel. Tata Business Excellence Model (TBEM) will play a significant role in raising the bar of service provided. The TBEM has been rolled out in all the three hotel divisions and will be rolled out to the international properties also. Tata Business Excellence Model (TBEM) In order to intensify the drive for Business Excellence, IHCL conducted Internal Assessments based on the Tata Business Excellence Model for Luxury, Leisure, Business SBUs as well as for Taj SATS Air Catering Limited. The Luxury Division has also applied for External Assessment, which is to be facilitated by Tata Quality Management Services. Based on the External Assessment (2003) feedback report and the feedback from the Internal Assessment, action plans to improve processes which finally impact the overall organizational effectiveness, have been drawn out and worked upon. Some of the key initiatives deployed across key hotels of the Taj group in the year 2003-04 are: Rollout of the Customer Feedback System The CFS was launched in November 2003 and has taken root in 30 hotels across Taj group. It is the primary and sole customer feedback system of the group. Till date, the system has clocked around 12,000 pieces of customer feedback. The feedback from all sources gets recorded and aggregated and analyzed to improve the service quality in areas of concern at each of the hotels. Feedback is not restricted to only guest difficulties (complaints) but also consists of compliments and suggestions. The feedback would ultimately be used for product planning as well. IT initiatives From a situation in 1999 where there was limited IT application, Taj group has today achieved domestic leadership in deploying IT to leverage its competencies and is rapidly approaching benchmarks set by international highly regarded chains. The first three phases of implementation of the IT strategy included putting in place the physical infrastructure across the Taj Group and getting customer relationship applications to ride on this physical infrastructure, with a view to enhancing customer services through customer information and recognition systems and better inventory management. Some of the key IT initiatives being under taken by IHCL are Orion, a comprehensive back office system, implementing Revenue Management system, Interactive TV Systems and National Call Center. Competition A Tata company shall fully strive for the establishment and support of a competitive, open market economy in India and abroad, and shall cooperate in efforts to promote the progressive and judicious liberalisation of trade and investment by a country. Specifically, a Tata company shall not engage in activities that generate or support the formation of monopolies, dominant market positions, cartels and similar unfair trade practices. A Tata company shall market its products and services on its own merits and shall not make unfair and misleading statements about competitors products and services. Any collection of competitive information shall be made only in the normal course of business and shall be obtained only through legally permitted sources and means. Direct Competitors: 1. Oberoi Hotels 2. Oriental Hotels 3. ITC Welcomgroup 4. Hotel Leela etc. Potential Target market : The upper class of the society is targeted. i.e. the richer people in the society. Their fares or tariffs are high as the luxuries provided by them are also standard and 5-star. Thus, this is in context to the Indian branches of Taj Hotels. STRATEGY: Taj group has used the Taj name for all its operations to leverage the brand equity commanded by the name Taj. Taj brand is playing an increasing role of driving revenues Taj group plans to add around 12 Hotels in the next 3 years . Taj facilitates the expansion to other segment by endorsing the sub-brands with their parents brand names. MARKETING STRATEGY A higher emphasis was placed on the business segment as the profits are higher (this market being less price-sensitive) as compared to the luxury segment. There was a proliferation of the Taj Presidency hotels not only in new cities, but also smaller towns. The action plan is more opportunities, adding to and complementing the brand. INNOVATIVE MARKETING SERVICES: STAY A BIT LONGER- If a customer book 2 nights or 3 with Taj hotels, then they surprise to customer with a complimentary nights stay at select hotels. EARLY BIRD OFFER- Say at any of Taj properties ranging from modern business hotels to idyllic beach resorts to authentic Rajput palaces, 10 days in advance and avail the Early Bird Rate to enjoy savings of 20% over our Best Available Rate (BAR). SUITE SURPRISES Book between 1-4 nights in Taj Suites and enjoy a free nights stay. Luxury at the Taj isnt only about indulgences, but advantages. Book 1, 2, 3 or 4 nights in our majestic Suites, featuring impeccable interiors and classic style, and enjoy a complimentary nights stay. TAJ SAFARIS are wildlife lodges that allow travelers to experience the unparalleled beauty of the Indian jungle amidst luxurious surroundings. They offer Indias first and only wildlife luxury lodge circuit. Taj Safaris provide guests with the ultimate, interpretive, wild life experience based on a proven sustainable ecotourism model. TAJ AIR, a luxury private jet operation with state-of-the-art Falcon 2000 aircrafts designed by Dassault Aviation, France; and Taj Yachts, two 3-bedroom luxury yachts which can be used by guests in Mumbai and Kochi, in Kerala. BUSINESS EDGE At the Taj, business is not just unconventional, but valuable. Alongside the quintessential fusion of business and pleasure, you will also enjoy unbelievable savings and benefits on our traditional hospitality and exceptional service that are sure to leave you pleasantly surprised.   Breakfast for two (single/double same rate) Hotel Credit of Rs 2000/- per stay against FB, laundry, or spa (where spa services are available) KEY SUCCESS FACTORS Technology related:-Used of advance technology in hotel premises. Manufacturing- related: High utilization of fixed assets. Quality control know-how. Serving customer according to their specification. Distribution-related: Presence of hotel chain at various places. A strong network. Marketing related: Breadth of product line and product selection. Personalized customer services. A well-known and well-respected brand name.

Computer Engineer :: essays research papers

Introduction and History Computer engineering is a very time consuming, challenging job. To be a good computer engineer you need years of experience and collage education. Computer engineers provide information and data processing for certain computer firms and organizations. They conduct research, design computers, and discover and use new principles and ideas of applying computers. I am going to tell you specific facts about the careers of computer engineers like payment, education needed, skills, responsibilities of the job, job outlook, and benefits of the job. Computer engineering started about 5,000 years ago in China when they invented the abacus. The abacus is a manual calculator in which you move beads back and forth on rods to add or subtract. Other inventors of simple computers include Blaise Pascal who came up with the arithmetic machine for his father’s work. Also Charles Babbage produced the Analytical Engine, which combined math calculations from one problem and applied it to solve other complex problems. The Analytical Engine is similar to today’s computers. Occupation’s Duties A computer engineer has certain duties and responsibilities depending on the location and size of the firm he or she works for. Also the duties vary between job levels. If you work at a small firm, you will be set up on the firing line immediately and will be expected to make your boss money or you’ll be fired. Also in a smaller firm you’ll probably spend hours of pain-staking time trying to solve a problem that other engineers probably went over before. In larger firms, you’ll be hired probably as a junior computer engineer and work your way up to senor and maybe manager of engineers. If you enjoy challenging work and problem solving, your best place to be is in a small firm. If you enjoy problem solving but not to the severe degree as in a small firm, then your place is in a larger firm. Overall, the responsibilities and duties are basically the same. These duties include preparing cost benefit analysis on programs, determining copter soft and hardware needs, and debugging computers to eliminate errors. Benefits The benefits of being a computer engineer are unique to those people who like having challenges put in-front of them to solve. This job puts you in challenging positions that you have to problem solve to get out of. Also computer engineers have the ability to fix or even their own computers. Computer engineers get paid vacations, holidays, and sick days.

Modern Russia and The Soviet Union: Stalin :: Russian Russia History

Modern Russia and The Soviet Union: Stalin Modern Russia and The Soviet Union: Stalin's character was the main reason for his rise to power Stalin was born as Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili on December 21, 1879 in Gori, Georgia. He grew up in a mountain town of about 5,000 people. He was the third and only surviving child of Vissarion Dzhugashvili and Catherine Geladze. His father used to drink and beat him and his mother; this made Stalin very cold hearted. A friend commented on his behaviour, "Those undeserved and fearful beatings made the boy as hard and heartless as his father". His father died in a brawl when Stalin was only 11. Stalin was enrolled in the village at school at the age of eight. He was an intelligent student and was top of his class. He read many books, which glorified Georgian's past. Georgia was an independent country until the Russian Tsars conquered it. One book that had a deep affect on Stalin was a book similar to that of Robin Hood. His name was Koba and he hated the Russians and avenged their crimes against the Georgians. His acts were very ruthless and bloody. Stalin began to call himself Koba and this caught on with his friends. He was later to take on this pseudonym when he was in hiding from the tsar's police. By 1894, Stalin had finished all of his schooling and had received a scholarship to the theological seminary in Tiflis, the capital of Georgia. The theological seminary building was dark and depressing. The students could have no privacy and were spied on by the Russian Orthodox monks. The monks also checked their rooms to see what they were reading and carefully scheduled each day, with prayer and study. Students had only one short break in the afternoon where they would go into the city under strict supervision. At first Stalin seemed to fit in with the strict schedule. He did well in his schoolwork and received the highest marks for conduct. He found time to write poetry of which were romantic and nationalistic, these poems were published in a Georgian magazine devoted to the preservation of Georgian culture. Gradually Stalin became frustrated under the harsh regime. Years later, Stalin told an interviewer "In protest against the outrageous....methods prevalent in the seminary, I was ready to become, and actually did become, a revolutionary." In 1898 Stalin took his first step towards a revolutionary lifestyle when he joined a Marxist group in Tiflis.

Canterbury Tales Essay :: essays research papers

In Geoffrey Chaucer’s â€Å"The Canterbury Tales†, many characters suffer from Dante’s â€Å"Seven Deadly Sins†. I have chosen to write about The Skipper, for his avariciousness and wrath; The Miller for his pride and avariciousness; and also The Franklin for his gluttony, avariciousness and slothfulness. I have found examples for these in â€Å"The Prologue† by Chaucer. The Skipper is avaricious and also suffers from wrath. He is avaricious because he would gain someone’s trust so they would do business with him and then he would steal from them and cheat them. In â€Å"The Prologue†(pg. 103 lines 407-408), it reads, â€Å"He’d drawn at Bordeaux, while the trader snored. The nicer rules of conscience he ignored†. He also suffered from wrath, anytime he had extra people on his ship, he would make them walk the plank. In â€Å"The Prologue†(pg.103 lines 409-410), it says, â€Å"If, when he fought, the enemy vessel sank, he sent the prisoners home: they walked the plank†. The Miller was inflicted by pride and avariciousness. He was very prideful. He would boast about anything that he could do well. In â€Å"The Prologue†(pg. 107 lines 557-558), it says, â€Å"Broad, knotty and short-shouldered, he would boast, He could heave any door off hinge and post†. He was an avaricious man. He would steal grain for himself. In â€Å"The Prologue†, it says, â€Å"His was a master-hand at stealing grain. He felt it with his thumb and thus he knew its quality and took three times his due†. (Pg. 107 lines 570-572) The Franklin suffered from gluttony, lust and slothfulness. He ate all the time. He had way too much food and it was all for himself. In â€Å"The Prologue†, it reads, â€Å"His bread, his ale were the finest of fine, and no one had a better stock of wine. His house was never short of bake-meat pies†¦..†(Pg. 101 lines 351-354). He lusted for pleasure. That is all he wanted from life. In â€Å"The Prologue†, it says, â€Å"He loved a morning sop of cake and wine, he lived for pleasure and always have done†. (Pg.

Does Democracy Ensure Freedom Essay

Does democracy ensure freedom? I believe democracy can ensure freedom, but not always, thus my answer is maybe. For democracy is a form of government that rely on a system of law in which individuals are treated equally while having fair access to the legislative process through electing official who will act in their constituent’s interest and voice their concern. Through proper protection with legislation, individual’s freedom can be ensured. Yet the nature of democracy favour majority thus it is possible for politician to cater to the mass to secure vote and have access to the seats of power. Democracy is unable to act if the votes are tied, such flaw can leads to politician abuse their power tilting the result either way to further his own goal. If elected official no longer voice the population yet game the system by continue to appease the majority, minority right and freedom can not be ensured. Government ultimately objective is to govern the people for the betterment of people, thus democracy reflects the need for it is form of government allowing people’s voice being heard through the elected officials. Each voter’s vote count and the majority trumps. Elected official then go on legislate laws that regulation that resolves the population’s concern. Such fair access to the legislative process and equality before law ensure the population to be protected, the law are made by them and for them, protecting their freedom and rights. But democracy also follow majorities rule. It is possible for 49% of population to lose out simply because of the 2% difference. Yet if rights are cemented fully protected via charters, even minorities can escape such tyranny. Unfortunately, elected officials can not always complete reflect the desire of the entire population. They are at best incomplete projection if not catering to special interest or simply the mass for the system favours the majorities, and once tied vote occurs. The decision will lie solely on those in power. For few individuals to be able make decision that influence a nation, such power can be attractive if not lucrative, for there is motive and it is not hard to imagine such corruption taking place. Once a politician is no longer serveing the voter but himself, without proper check and balance for the government to self correct such mistake. It is to picture minorities right and freedom being sacrificed for the corrupted official to stay in power. The key all hinges on the soundness of said country’s legal system, if a government official have the power to alter laws, taking away rights and freedom as he pleases. The freedom can not be ensured. Yet, with a proper procedural fair legislative system, the inbuilt checks and balance will stop said corrupted official overstepping his position. The electoral system will kick in which official will be replaced if they do not deliver what is expected off them. With a solid charter of rights, even minority’s innate rights and freedom can be protected against majorities for the inalienable rights protect each of us and allow us to maintain the dignity we all possess. Freedom is the concept that verges upon the condition in which individual live their life accord to their free will. For they make their own choices without facing disabling condition nor the pressure of simply fulfilling the basic necessities of life. We choose how we present ourselves to the world and how we communicate our idea and thoughts. We decide on how to live our life, from our goal to our means of achieving said goals. Yet these seemly innate right are in fact fragile and vulnerable. The nature of government impose rules and regulation with our daily life. Our freedom is merely conditional, for we can only exercise our right and freedom to a certain extent. As matter of fact, our right and freedom can be taken away by the same law that protect our rights and freedom. But that is the truth of reality, freedom without bound is impossible. The physicality of reality impose restriction, scarcity of recourse and mortality of men. Civilization dictates rules from punishment of crimes to shame and guilt through morality. Thus government, a form of rule, can not truly ensure freedom for its conditional and with limits. Men has long realize such limitation, yet we still yearns for such notion for we are driven by our free will and we seek create such system for we are protected from not just each others but ourselves’ own infringement of rights and freedom. Democracy is still our best attempt at this unrealistic dream, the approach is simple, for a system of law made by people for people. We strive to effectively govern ourselves and keep our right and freedom. It is understandable to treat the question â€Å"does democracy ensures freedom ? † in an bifurcate manner. It is easy to state the fact that democracy is simply mob rules thus two wolves can vote having the sheep for dinner against the one lone sheep’s objection. Yet it seems silly to categorize a whole country’s population into a predator/prey relationship, not to mention having a sound legal system in which inalienable rights of human beings are guaranteed can indeed prevent the two wolves ganging up on the sheep, minorities can still be sufficiently protected by law if the charter of rights allows. Further more, freedom can only be secure via proper system of law that protect human right and freedom, types of government should not be the deciding matter for ensuring freedom. As the above paragraphs have shown, democracy either ensure nor deny freedom, while there is no true freedom under any form of government for by definition of government, restriction and restraints are naturely imposed upon individuals. I still consider limited conditional freedom preferable to none for my inalienable right are protected even against the tyranny of majorities for this rights are inalienable. While democracy can allow favour toward the majorities and official in position of power, with proper checks and power established within the government, such issue can be self corrected. But without the legal safenet, minorities can easily been swapped up by politician’s agenda and sacrificed to the tyranny of majorities. As a partying thought, if no form of government can achieve true freedom, what is the future of democracy with our society?